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Anatomy > The back > Flashcards

The back Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius muscle

A

O: Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes
I: Lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
Inn: Accessory n. (CNXI)
Actions: Descending part: elevates; Ascending part: depresses; Middle/all parts together: retracts; Descending and ascending: rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

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2
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle

A

O: T6 to T12, thorocolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 9/10 to 12
I: Floor of intertubulercular sulcus (bicipital groove) of humerus
Inn: Thoracodorsal n.
Actions: extends, adducts & medially rotates humerus; raisies body toward arms during climbing

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3
Q

Levator Scapulae Muscle

A

O: Transverse process (TP) of C1-C4
I: Superior portion of medial border of scapula
Inn: Dorsal scapular n.
Actions: elevate scapular; rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating the scapula

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4
Q

Rhomboid minor muscle

A

O: Nuchal ligament
I: Medial boarder of scapular spine
Inn. Dorsal Scapular n.
Actions: Retract scapula; rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly; fix scapula to thoracic

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5
Q

Rhomboid major muscle

A

O: Spinous process
I: Medial boarder of scapula from spine to inferior angle
Inn. Dorsal Scapular n.
Actions: Retract scapula; rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly; fix scapula to thoracic

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6
Q

Triangle of auscultation

A

Boundaries
Superior: trapezius muscle
Inferior: latissimus dorsi muscle
Lateral: rhomboid major muscle
Floor: 6th intercostal space
Function: respiratory sounds

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7
Q

Lumbar triangle

A

Boundaries:
Medial: latissimus dorsi muscle
Lateral: external oblique muscle
Inferior: iliac crest
Floor: internal oblique muscle
Rare: lumbar herniation

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8
Q

Serratus posterier superior muscle

A

Inn: 2nd to 5th intercostal nn.
Action: elevates ribs

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9
Q

Serratus posterior inferior muscle

A

Inn: T9-T12 ventral rami
Actions: depresses ribs

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10
Q

Superficial layer of the deep back muscles

A

Spinotranscersales mm.
Splenius captitis muscle
Splenius cervicis muscle

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11
Q

Intermediate layers of the deep back muscles

A

Erector spinae mm.
Iliocostalis muscle
longissimus muscle
spinalis muscle

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12
Q

Deep layers of the deep back muscles

A

Transversospinales mm.
Semispinalis group
Multifidus group
Rotatores group

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13
Q

Splenius capitis

A

I: Mastoid process
Inn: posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nn.
Action: bilaterally- extends head and neck; unilaterally- laterally flexes (bends) neck and rotates face to the side
Ipsilateral

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14
Q

Splenius cervicis

A

I: tP of C1-C3
Inn: posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nn.

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15
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Inn: posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nn.
Actions: Bilaterllay- extends vertebral column & head when back flexed and controls movement via eccentric contraction; Unilaterally- laterally flexes vertebral column

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16
Q

Semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis

A

Inn: posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nn.
Actions: extends head, cervical, and thoracic regions of vertebral column; rotates contralaterally

17
Q

Multifidus group

A

Inn: posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nn.
Actions: stabilizes vertebrae during local movements during local movement of vertebral column

18
Q

Rotatores group - deep layer

A

Inn: posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nn.
Actions: stabilize, extend, and rotate spine

19
Q

Interspinales

A

Aid in extension and rotation

20
Q

Intertransversarii

A

aid in lateral flexion, stabilization (bilaterally)

21
Q

Levatores costarum

A

elevates ribs, assistas with respirations and lateral flexion

22
Q

Suboccipital triangle muscles

A

Rectus capitis posterior minor m.
Rectus capitis posterior major m.
Oblique capitis inferior m.
Oblique capitis superior m.

23
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major

A

extension and rotation of head

24
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor

A

extension and rotation of head

25
Q

Oblique capitis superior

A

extension and lateral flexion of head

26
Q

Oblique capitis inferior

A

rotation of head

27
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Somatic parts of CNS and PNS
Provides sensory and motor innervation to all parts of the body, except the viscera of the body cavities, smooth muscle, and glands

28
Q

Brachial Plexus

A

C5-T1

29
Q

Myotome

A

Region of skeletal muscle innervated by a single nerve or spinal cord level

30
Q

of vertebrae

A

7 Cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
Sacrum
Coccyx

31
Q

Curvatures

A

Cervical 2° - 6 months - posterior curve
Thoracic 1° - born with - anterior curve
Lumbar 2° - 12 months - posterior curve
Sacral 1° - born with - anterior curve

32
Q

Excessive Kyphosis

A

hunch back

33
Q

Excessive lordosis

A

swayback
- excessive curvature in the lumbar portion

34
Q

Scoliosis

A

Vertebrae twist
Most common a right thoracic curvature

35
Q

Extrinsic muscles

A

migrated to the ventral surface
inn: ventral primary rami

36
Q

Intrinsic muscles

A

remain in the back
inn: dorsal primary rami

Anatomy (8 decks)

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