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the atom lesson 2 chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

atomic number

A

number of protons unique to each element on the period table

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2
Q

isotopes

A

atoms of the same type of element but with different numbers of neutrons

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3
Q

mass number

A

the sum of protons and neutrons in a particular isotopes of an element

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4
Q

atomic mass

A

the average mass of the atoms of that element

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5
Q

element

A

ways of writing a particular isotope

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6
Q

key formulas

A

number of protons = atomic number, mass number = protons and neutrons

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7
Q

number of electrons

A

same number of protons

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8
Q

where is all the mass of the atom?

A

nucleus

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9
Q

what is a protons charge?

A

positive

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10
Q

what is a neutrons charge

A

neutral

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11
Q

what is an electrons charge

A

negative

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12
Q

what is an excited atom?

A

electrons move to a higher energy level

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13
Q

what is released when an atom loses energy?

A

light

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14
Q

what subatomic particles change the identity of the atom

A

proton

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15
Q

what subatomic particle will change the overall charge of an atom

A

electron

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16
Q

what does the slider do?

A

changes the speed of electrons

17
Q

what is the motion of the electrons around the nucleus of an atom?

A

randomly appears but stays around

18
Q

what did Democtritus discover?

A

everything is made up of small particles

19
Q

what did Aristotle discover?

A

matter was fundamentally constructed out of atoms

20
Q

what did Dalton discover?

A

common substances always broke down into the same element

21
Q

what did JJ Thomson discover?

A

the electron

22
Q

what did Rutherford discover

A

some particles go through and some bounce back

23
Q

what did Bohr discover?

A

electrons orbit the nucleus at fixed energies and distances

24
Q

what did Heisenberg discover?

A

it is impossible to determine the exact position and speed of electrons

25
Q

why is the number called a “mass” number?

A

because it is the average mass of multiple of an element

26
Q

which corner of the isotope symbol contains the mass number

A

top left

27
Q

where is the atomic number located in the isotope symbol?

A

bottom left

28
Q

what are the wavelengths?

A

radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays

29
Q

what is the longest wavelength?

A

radio

30
Q

what is the shortest wavelength

A

gamma rays

31
Q

what wavelength has the highest energy?

A

gamma rays

32
Q

what wavelength has the lowest energy

A

radio waves

33
Q

what wavelength has the highest frequency?

A

violet

34
Q

what happens when the inside of an atom is heated?

A

makes the atoms and molecules move faster

35
Q

what are valance electrons

A

in the outermost energy

36
Q

what are core electrons

A

everything below

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