the atom and periodic table

Question 1

daltons atomic theory

Answer 1

• all matter is made up of small particles called atoms
  -atoms are indivisible and cannot be broken into simpler particles

Question 2

atomic number

Answer 2

the number of protons in the nucleus of an element

Question 4

triads

Answer 4

a group of three elements with similar properties, where the atomic weight of the middle element is approx. equal to the other two

Question 5

newlands octaves

Answer 5

arrangement of elements in which the first and eighth element have similar properties

Question 6

mendeleevs periodic law

Answer 6

when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic weight (relative atomic mass) and the properties of the elements repeat periodically

Question 7

modern periodic law

Answer 7

elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number where the properties of the elements increase periodically

Question 8

electron configuration

Answer 8

shows the arrangement of electrons in an atom of an element

Question 9

Aufbau principle

Answer 9

when building up the electron configuration of an atom in its ground state, the electrons occupy the lowest available energy level

Question 10

hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity

Answer 10

when two or more orbitals of equal energy are available, the electrons occupy them singly before filling them in pairs

Question 11

pauli exclusion principle

Answer 11

no more than two electrons may occupy an orbital and they must have opposite spin