The Atmosphere - Chapter 2: Changes of State Flashcards
Water vapor constitutes a (small/large) fraction of the gases in the atmosphere
small
True or false: water vapor is of relative unimportance in the atmosphere
False; most important
Water vapor is an odorless, colorless ___ that mixes freely with other ___
gas
gases
What are the two most abundant components of the atmosphere?
Nitrogen
Oxygen
The processes that involve a change of state require that heat be ____ or ____
absorbed
released
One ___ is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 d C
calorie
When heat is supplied to a glass of ice water, the temperature remains constant until ____
all of the ice has melted
When heat is applied to ice, the energy is used to ________ of the ice cubes and cause them to melt
disrupt the internal crystalline structure
When heat is not associated with a temp change, it is called ___ heat
latent
Latent heat’s energy is not available as heat until ______
the liquid returns to the solid state
In terms of the atmospheric processes, the energy derived from the release of ___________ aids the formation of towering clouds like those on warm summer days or even storms
latent heat
It takes approx. ___ calories of energy to convert 1 gram of water to water vapor
600
The energy absorbed by water molecules during ___ is used solely to give them the motion to escape the surface of the liquid and become a gas
evaporation
Converting a liquid to a gas
evaporation
The energy absorbed that produces evaporation
latent heat of vaporization
Evaporation is a ____ process
cooling
What is a common example that demonstrates how evaporation is a cooling process?
Getting out of a swimming pool or bathtub
The process whereby water vapor changes to the liquid state
Condensation
Latent heat of ____ is the energy that needs to be released in order for water vapor to become liquid
Condensation
When condensation occurs in the atmosphere, what are two examples of resulting formations?
fog
clouds
The process by which a solid is changed to a liquid
Melting
How many calories are needed for melting?
80
The process of a liquid changing to a solid
Freezing
The calories absorbed during melting are released during freezing as _____
latent heat of fusion
The conversion of a solid to a gas directly without becoming liquid
Sublimation
The conversion of a vapor directly to a solid
Deposition
