The Atmosphere - Chapter 2: Changes of State

Question 1

Water vapor constitutes a (small/large) fraction of the gases in the atmosphere

Answer 1

small

Question 2

True or false: water vapor is of relative unimportance in the atmosphere

Answer 2

False; most important

Question 3

Water vapor is an odorless, colorless ___ that mixes freely with other ___

Answer 3

gas

gases

Question 4

What are the two most abundant components of the atmosphere?

Answer 4

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Question 5

The processes that involve a change of state require that heat be ____ or ____

Answer 5

absorbed

released

Question 6

One ___ is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 d C

Answer 6

calorie

Question 7

When heat is supplied to a glass of ice water, the temperature remains constant until ____

Answer 7

all of the ice has melted

Question 8

When heat is applied to ice, the energy is used to ________ of the ice cubes and cause them to melt

Answer 8

disrupt the internal crystalline structure

Question 9

When heat is not associated with a temp change, it is called ___ heat

Answer 9

latent

Question 10

Latent heat’s energy is not available as heat until ______

Answer 10

the liquid returns to the solid state

Question 11

In terms of the atmospheric processes, the energy derived from the release of ___________ aids the formation of towering clouds like those on warm summer days or even storms

Answer 11

latent heat

Question 12

It takes approx. ___ calories of energy to convert 1 gram of water to water vapor

Answer 12

600

Question 13

The energy absorbed by water molecules during ___ is used solely to give them the motion to escape the surface of the liquid and become a gas

Answer 13

evaporation

Question 14

Converting a liquid to a gas

Answer 14

evaporation

Question 15

The energy absorbed that produces evaporation

Answer 15

latent heat of vaporization

Question 16

Evaporation is a ____ process

Answer 16

cooling

Question 17

What is a common example that demonstrates how evaporation is a cooling process?

Answer 17

Getting out of a swimming pool or bathtub

Question 18

The process whereby water vapor changes to the liquid state

Answer 18

Condensation

Question 19

Latent heat of ____ is the energy that needs to be released in order for water vapor to become liquid

Answer 19

Condensation

Question 20

When condensation occurs in the atmosphere, what are two examples of resulting formations?

Answer 20

fog

clouds

Question 21

The process by which a solid is changed to a liquid

Answer 21

Melting

Question 22

How many calories are needed for melting?

Answer 22

80

Question 23

The process of a liquid changing to a solid

Answer 23

Freezing

Question 24

The calories absorbed during melting are released during freezing as _____

Answer 24

latent heat of fusion

Question 25

The conversion of a solid to a gas directly without becoming liquid

Answer 25

Sublimation

Question 26

The conversion of a vapor directly to a solid

Answer 26

Deposition