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21PSY-2AL-A3 - JWW > The Approaches: The Psychodynamic Approach > Flashcards

The Approaches: The Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards

1
Q

The name of the Psychologist who created the Psychodynamic Approach?

A

Sigmund Freud

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2
Q

Assumption: Behaviour is due to…

A

Unconscious motives

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3
Q

Assumption: Psychodynamic Approach focuses on which experiences? Give e.g

A

Past - relationship with parents

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4
Q

Assumption: Childhood conflicts and relationships with parents can create…

A

Behaviour & Personality

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5
Q

Assumption: Our understanding of ourselves is …

A

Distorted by defence mechanisms

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6
Q

Assumption: Defence mechanisms…

A

Distort understanding of ourselves

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7
Q

Assumption: Behaviour & personality is shaped by…

A

Childhood conflicts & relationships with parents

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8
Q

Assumption: Unconscious motives…

A

Drive/determine behaviour

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9
Q

Assumption: True or False - psychodynamic approach focuses on present & future relationships?

A

False - Focus is on past relationships

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10
Q

How many parts of the mind are there according to the psychodynamic approach?

A

3

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11
Q

The unconscious mind contains?

A

Info we are not consciously aware of

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12
Q

Info in the unconscious includes…

A

Repressed memories

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13
Q

The conscious mind is the

A

part we are aware of

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14
Q

The part of the mind we are aware of is?

A

The conscious

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15
Q

The preconscious includes…

A

Thoughts/ideas we only are aware of in dreams

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16
Q

Thoughts/ideas we are only aware of in dreams is the…

A

Preconscious

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17
Q

The unconscious mind is the part…

A

we are unaware of

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18
Q

The part of the mind we are unaware of is the …

A

Unconscious

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19
Q

Unconscious mind contains…

A

Biological drives & threatening/disturbing memories

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20
Q

Biological drives & disturbing memories are stored in the

A

unconscious

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21
Q

What does the mind do with threatening/disturbing memories

A

Represses/locks away in the unconscious

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22
Q

According to the Psychodynamic approach, there are how many parts of personality?

A

3

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23
Q

Name the 3 Parts of Personality

A

ID/EGO/SUPEREGO

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24
Q

The ID works on the what principle?

A

Pleasure

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25
The EGO works on what principle?
Reality
26
The SUPEREGO works on what principle?
Morality
27
Which part of personality works on the pleasure principle?
ID
28
Which part of personality works on the reality principle?
EGO
29
Which part of personality works on the morality principle?
SUPEREGO
30
The ID lives in the ...
Unconscious part of mind
31
When is the ID present from?
Birth
32
Which is the only part of personality present at birth?
ID
33
What does the ID want?
Immediate Gratification
34
Immediate gratification drives which part of personality?
ID
35
If the ID is too overpowering, it can lead to?
Selfish personality
36
A selfish personality can be explained by?
An overpowering ID
37
When does the EGO form?
18 months - 3 years
38
18 months - 3 years is where which part of personality forms?
EGO
39
What is the job of the EGO?
To balance demands of ID & SUPEREGO
40
How does the EGO reduce conflict between the ID & SUPEREGO?
Defence Mechanisms
41
When does the SUPEREGO form?
3-6 years
42
3-6 years is when the what part of personality forms?
SUPEREGO
43
How does the superego form?
Through identifying with same-sex parent
44
What is the superego?
Our sense of right/wrong
45
If the superego is overpowering, what kind of personality can this lead to?
Anxious/guilty
46
An anxious/guilty personality can be formed from?
An overpowering superego
47
Which part of personality uses defence mechanisms
Ego
48
Why does the EGO use defence mechanisms?
To reduce conflict of ID & superego
49
Are defence mechanisms used consciously or unconsciously?
Unconsciously
50
Are defence mechanisms meant to be a long-term solution or short-term solution to conflict?
SHORT-TERM
51
What can defence mechanisms do to a person?
Distort reality
52
Name the 3 defence mechanisms
REPRESSION/DENIAL/DISPLACEMENT
53
REPRESSION/DENIAL/DISPLACEMENT are forms of?
Defence Mechanisms
54
The ID/EGO/SUPEREGO make up?
The structure of personality
55
The conscious/preconscious/unconscious make up?
The unconscious mind
56
Forcing a distressing memory out of the conscious to the unconscious is?
Repression
57
Repression is
Forcing a distressing memory out of the conscious to the unconscious
58
Refusing to acknowledge an unpleasant aspect of reality is?
Denial
59
Denial is
Refusing to acknowledge an unpleasant aspect of reality
60
Transferring feelings from the true source of distressing emotion onto a less threatening substitute target is?
Displacement
61
Displacement is
Transferring feelings from the true source of distressing emotion onto a less threatening substitute target
62
How many Psychosexual stages are there?
5
63
The psychosexual stages explain how which part of personality gets gratification?
ID
64
What must a child do in each psychosexual stage?
Resolve conflict
65
If a child does not resolve conflict in a psychosexual stage is leads to
fixation
66
Fixation is where
A child has not resolved conflict in a psychosexual stage
67
Name the Psychosexual stages in order
Oral/Anal/Phallic/Latency/Genital
68
Oral stage occurs when?
0-1 years
69
0-1 years is where which stage occurs?
Oral
70
In the oral stage, how does the ID get gratification
Mouth - dummies, thumb sucking & mother's breast
71
If fixated in oral stage, this leads to?
Oral fixation - nail biting, smoking, sarcasm
72
Oral fixation - nail biting, smoking, sarcasm occurs when?
Fixation in the oral stage
73
The Anal stage occurs when?
1-3 years
74
At 1-3 years, what stage is a child in?
Anal stage
75
In the anal stage, how does the ID gain gratification?
Anus - expulsion or withholding of faeces
76
Fixation in the anal stage results in?
Anal retentive personality (perfectionist) OR Anal Expulsive personality (messy)
77
Phallic stage occurs when?
3-5 years
78
At 3-5 years, which stage is a child in?
Phallic
79
In the phallic stage, how is gratification for the ID gained?
Exploring own genitals
80
Fixation in the phallic stage can result in?
Phallic personality - narcissistic, reckless, problems with authority
81
The Oedipus complex occurs in which stage?
Phallic
82
What complex occurs in the Phallic stage?
Oedipus
83
Latency stage occurs when?
6-12 years
84
At 6-12 years a child is in the?
Latency stage
85
In the latency stage, what is occuring?
Earlier conflicts are repressed
86
Where are earlier conflicts being repressed in the latency stage?
The unconscious mind
87
Genital stage occurs when?
12 years
88
At 12 years, a child is in which stage?
Genital
89
How does the Id gain gratification in the genital stage?
Sexual desires becoming present
90
If a child is fixated in the genital stage, this can lead to?
Difficulty forming heterosexual relationships
91
AO3: does the psychodynamic approach believe in free will or determinism?
Determinism
92
AO3: which type of determinism can the psychodynamic approach be criticised for?
Psychic
93
AO3: psychodynamic approach has lead to practical applications - what is the name of it
Psychoanalysis to help anxiety
94
AO3: Freud's work on the psychodynamic approach was based on a case study - what is the problem?
Low population validity
95
AO3: some concepts like the structure of personality cannot be falsified or empirically tested, what is the issue?
Lacks scientific methods
96
The name of the Psychologist who created the Psychodynamic Approach?
Sigmund Freud

21PSY-2AL-A3 - JWW (63 decks)

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