the approaches

Question 1

What is the behaviourist approach?

Answer 1

Learning by association, using controlled lab experiments. Involves classical/ operant conditioning

Question 2

What is classical conditioning?

Answer 2

Pavlov
Research on dogs and salivation
UCS ➡️ UCR
NS ➡️ No response
NS + UCS ➡️ UCR
CS ➡️ CR
• Neutral stimulus becomes conditioned stimulus

Question 3

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 3

Learning by consequence
• positive reinforcement: reward to increase behaviour
• negative reinforcement: increase behaviour to avoid unpleasant stimulus
• punishment: unpleasant consequence to decrease likelihood of behaviour
(Skinners rats)

Question 4

Evaluate the behaviourist approach:

Answer 4

+ real life application, token economy systems (prisons) phobias, classical conditioning

• ethical issues (animals) highly stressful conditions led to reaction
• environmental determinism, ignores free will on behaviour, determined by past experiences (past conditioning)