The antibiotic man Flashcards
What antibiotic can be used as an alternative to gentamicin?
Aztreonam
What stain of bacteria is gentamicin active against
Gram negative
What stain of bacteria is vancomycin active against?
Gram positive
What antibiotic is very good for covering anaerobes?
Metronidazole
If NEWS is > 5 what should you consider?
SEPSIS
How long do you have to complete the sepsis 6 bundle?
1 HOUR
What is the treatment for epiglottitis/supraglottitis?
Ceftriaxone
What is the treatment for mild/mod community acquired pneumonia?
Amoxicillin (IV/PO) 5 days
If penicillin allergic:
Doxycycline
What is the treatment for severe community acquired pneumonia?
Co-amoxiclav IV + Doxycycline PO
If penicillin allergic - Levofloxacin IV
If a patient is in ICU or HDU with community acquired pneumonia, what antibiotics should they be given?
Co-amoxiclav IV
Clarithromycin IV
If penicillin allergic:
Levofloxacin IV
What is the step down for severe community acquired pneumonia when the patient is transferred from IV treatment to oral treatment?
Doxycycline
What is the treatment for a severe hospital acquired pneumonia?
IV amoxicillin and gentamicin
If penicillin allergic:
IV Co-trimoxazole + gentamicin
What is the step down from IV to oral therapy for a patient who had severe hospital acquired pneumonia?
Co-trimoxazole
What is the treatment for a non-severe hospital acquired pneumonia?
PO amoxicillin 5 days
If penicillin allergic: doxycycline
When should antibiotics be given in an exacerbation of COPD?
If high sputum purulence or consolidation on CXR or signs of pneumonia
What is the antibiotic treatment for an exacerbation of COPD?
Amoxicillin
If penicillin allergic: doxycycline
What is the treatment for native valve indolent endocarditis?
Amoxicillin IV +
Gentamicin IV
What is the treatment for native valve severe sepsis endocarditis?
Flucloxacillin IV
What is the treatment for prosthetic valve endocarditis or suspected MRSA?
Vancomycin IV
Gentamicin IV
When therapeutic levels reached, add rifampicin PO
What is the treatment for non severe C.diff?
Metronidazole PO
What is the treatment for severe C.diff?
Vancomycin PO +/- IV metronidazole
What is the treatment for peritonitis/biliary tract/Intra-abdominal infections?
IV amoxicillin + metronidazole + gentamicin
If penicillin allergic: IV Vancomycin + metronidazole + gentamicin
Step down to PO co-trimoxazole and metronidazole
What is the treatment for proven spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (severe)?
Pip-taz IV
Step down to co-trimoxazole
What is the treatment for proven spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (mild)?
Co-trimoxazole PO
Should you treat a UTI in a patient with a catheter and no clinical signs/symptoms of infection?
No
If definite infection, treat as complicated UTI
What is the treatment for an uncomplicated female lower UTI?
Nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim
What is the treatment for an uncatheterised male UTI?
Nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim
Should you treat a UTI in older adults if they are asymptomatic?
No
What is the treatment for a complicated UTI/Pylonephritis/Urosepsis?
IV amoxicilliln and gentamicin
If penicillin allergic: IV co-trimoxazole and gentamicin
Step down to PO co-trimoxazole or as per sensitivities
What is the treatment for cellulitis?
Flucloxacillin IV/PO
If penicillin allergic: Doxycycline PO
What is the treatment for a mild diabetic foot infection?
Fluclox or doxycycline
What is the treatment for a moderate diabetic foot infection?
Fluclox + metronidazole
Or doxycycline + metronidazole
What is the treatment for open fracture prophylaxis?
IV Cefuroxime
What is the treatment for meningitis?
Ceftriaxone and dexamethasone started for 4 days or with antibiotics.
What should you add to meningitis treatment if you suspect encephalitis?
Aciclovir
What should you add to meningitis treatment if the patient is immunocompromised or over 60?
Amoxicillin
What is the treatment for oral thrush?
Miconazole gel
What is the treatment for non-severe hospital acquired pneumonia?
Amoxicillin
If penicillin allergic: doxycycline
What is the treatment for non-severe aspiration pneumonia?
Amoxicillin and metronidazole
If penicillin allergic: doxycycline and metronidazole
What is the treatment for severe aspiration pneumonia
IV amoxicillin, gentamicin and metronidazole
If penicillin allergic, replace amox with doxycycline or clarithromycin
What is the step down to oral for severe aspiration pneumonia?
Amoxicillin and metronidazole
If penicillin allergic: doxycycline and metronidazole
What is the treatment for an acute cough/bronchitis?
Give no significant benefit. Only give in frail elderly.
Amoxicillin or doxycycline if allergic
What is the treatment for acute septic arthritis/osteomyelitis?
Flucloxacillin IV
What is the treatment for a severe systemic infection of unknown source?
Amox, met and gent
Vanc, met and gent