The Annexation of Tuscany and the Central Duchies Flashcards
When was an armistice proposed by Napoleon
8 July 1859
When was the meeting of Villafranca?
11 July 1859
Who attended the meeting of Villafranca?
Napoleon and Emperor Franz Joseph
Why did Napoleon want to sign the armistice? (3)
Felt the National Society government threatened the papacy
Piedmont control of central Italy exceeded the pact of Plombieres.
Wanted to appease French Catholics
What happened on 24 June 1859 which worried France?
The Prussian army mobilised on the banks of the Rhine in support of Austria.
What was decided at the Treaty of Villafranca?
Lombardy would be given to France
The Pope would be the head of an Italian Confederation
Piedmont would not have control of the central Duchies, and their rulers would be restored.
Piedmont could not annex Mantua and Peschiera
How did Cavour react to the Treaty of Villafranca?
He resigned in protest
When was the Treaty of Zurich?
November 1859
What did the Treaty of Zurich mark?
The official ending of the war, and deliberated on the Italian question
What was Le Pape et le Congres?
A pamphlet published with Napoleon’s ideas that the decline of the pope’s temporal power was inevitable
What did Urbano Rattazzi decide was the best course for Lombardy?
To impose a central model of government
What were the problems with Urbano Rattazi’s decision? (2)
Lombardy had already been promised a Constituent Assembly to discuss having a plebiscite.
There was no common language
What percentage of Italians spoke Italian
2%
What happened in Modena, August 1860?
A popular assembly voted for annexation to Piedmont.
Why was the imposition of Piedmontese laws delayed?
Political reasons - Baron Ricasoli argued for the protection of Tuscan customs and legal systems. Tuscany was the exception in this regard.
