The Abdomen: Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior abdominal muscles (from superior to inferior)

A

External abdominal oblique

Internal abdominal oblique

Transversus abdominis

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2
Q

Ant. abdominal wall layers of superficial fascia

A

Camper’s: superficial layer

Scarpa’s: deep layer

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3
Q

Lymph drainage (in relation to umbilicus)

A

Above: parasternal and anterior diaphragmatic nodes

Below: superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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4
Q

Venous drainage to major vessels occurs at___

A

axillary and femoral veins

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5
Q

External oblique muscle characteristics (origin/insertion/location/action/innervation/blood supply)

A
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6
Q

Internal oblique characteristics

A
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7
Q

Transversus abdominis characteristics

A
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8
Q

The following structures mark which vertebral level?

Umbilicus

Slightly superior to pubic bone

Labia majora/scrotal sac

A

Umbilicus: T10

Pubic bone(just superior): T12

Labia majora/scrotal sac: L1

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9
Q

Arcuate line

A

Point at which posterior rectus sheath becomes transversalis fascia

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10
Q

Name the structures that make up the following sheaths:

Posterior rectus sheath

Anterior rectus sheath

Transversalis (endoabdominal fascia)

A

Anterior rectus sheath: aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique

Posterior rectus sheath: aponeuroses of internal oblique and transversus abdominus

Transversalis fascia: posterior rectus sheath at arcuate line

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11
Q

What blood vessels primarily supply the anterior abdominal wall?

A

Superior and inferior epigastric vv. and aa.

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12
Q

Location of Superior epigatsric vv and aa.

A

Deep to anterior rectus sheath

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13
Q

Location of inferior epigastric vv. and aa.

A

Deep to posterior rectus sheath

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14
Q

Aortic coarctation and implications

A

Narrowing of the aorta; inf. epigatsric vessels and intercostal arteries compensate to get blood the limbs

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15
Q

Spermatic cord

A

Formed by ductus deferens (males) (ties gonad to scrotal sac)

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16
Q

What is the spermatic cord equivalent in females?

A

The round ligament of the uterus

17
Q

Abdominal wall components and what they form

18
Q

Inguinal canal

A

Formed by:

Lateral: inguinal ligament

Anterior and superior: ext abdominal oblique aponeurosis

Posterior: anterior superior iliac spine

19
Q

Superficial inguinal ring

A

Formed by medial and lateral crus

20
Q

In males, what structure comes out of the superficial inguinal ring? What is the equivalent in females?

A

Spermatic cord

Round ligament of the uterus

21
Q

Deep inguinal ring

A

Deep to where the transversus abdominis muscle archesover the spermatic cord or round ligament

Formed by meeting of transversalis fascia and internal spermatic fascia

22
Q

Conjoint tendon

A

Formed by lower tendinous parts of internal aponeurosis and transversus abdominis aponeurosis

Inserts at the pubic crest and pectineal line

23
Q

L1 nerves

A

Ilioinguinal and iliohypogatsric nerves

24
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve

A

Travels along spermatic cord/round ligament

Exits at superficial inguinal ring

25
Iliohypogastric nerve
Medial to ilioinguinal nerve
26
Hernia
Protusion of (something) bowel into an opening in the abdominal wall
27
Indirect vs direct hernia
Indirect hernia: lateral to inferior epigastric artery/outside of Hasselbach's triangle Direct: loop pf bowel pushes through wall at Hasselbach's triangle; medial/"MD" to inferior epigastric artery
28
Hasselbach's triangle
Formed by Rectus abdominis, inguinal ligament and inferior epigatsric artery