the 50s-60s Flashcards
what was the Avro Arrow
it was a fighter plane. Canada started to build planes in world war 2, continued to invest in manufacturing after the war. Also it is a fast jet. Prime Minister John Diefenbaker stopped production on the Arrow.
what was the cuban missile crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis was a scary time in 1962 when the U.S. found Soviet (Russia’s) nuclear weapons in Cuba, close to America. This made both countries very worried about a big war.
What is Canadian peacekeeping?
Canada Peacekeeping is when Canadian soldiers help troubled places without fighting. They go to areas with problems to keep peace, protect people, and provide aid like medicine and food.
What countries supported North Korea during the Korean War?
The Soviet Union and communist China supported North Korea, a communist state.
Q: What action did the United Nations take in the Korean War, and why was the Soviet Union unable to use its veto power?
A: The United Nations called on its members to assist South Korea. The Soviet Union was boycotting the UN at the time because it refused to give communist China a seat, and therefore it could not exercise its right to veto.
Q: What was the outcome of the Korean War in terms of a peace treaty, and how did Canada contribute to the war effort?
A: The Korean War has technically not ended because South Korea and the North Korea have yet to sign a peace treaty. Canada contributed to the war effort by sending over 25,000 soldiers to fight in Korea, with about 500 dying.
Q: Who was Igor Gouzenko and what was his significance in the Cold War?
A: Igor Gouzenko was a Russian citizen and clerk at the Soviet embassy in Ottawa who exposed a Soviet spy ring in 1945, marking a significant event that contributed to the start of the Cold War.
Q: What were the key differences between the United States and the Soviet Union that contributed to the Cold War?
A: The key differences were political and economic systems; the United States had a capitalist system based on private enterprise and freedom of speech, while the Soviet Union was a communist state where the government controlled industry and commerce, and political opposition was not tolerated.
Q: How did Canada align itself during the Cold War?
A: Canada aligned itself closely with U.S. interests while trying to remain part of the British Commonwealth and maintain an independent foreign policy, struggling to keep U.S. influences from weakening its national identity.
Q: What was the response within Canada to the threat of nuclear war during the Cold War?
A: Canada developed civil defense plans, some cities had nuclear shelters or subway tunnels, and schools conducted “duck and cover” drills to prepare students for the possibility of a nuclear attack.
Q: In what ways did nuclear weapons arguably make things safer during the Cold War?
A: The existence of nuclear weapons and the threat of mutual destruction probably prevented an all-out war between the superpowers, a concept known as deterrence.
Q: Define the term “Cold War” and “superpowers” as used in the context of post-World War II diplomacy.
A: The Cold War was a period from 1945 to 1989 when there was intense rivalry and hostility between the communist Soviet Union and its allies and the capitalist United States and its allies. “Superpowers” refers to the United States and the Soviet Union, the two most powerful nations during the Cold War, which had significant influence over global affairs.
Q: When did Canada’s “open-door policy” end, and who were the preferred immigrants under the subsequent restrictive immigration policy?
A: Canada’s “open-door policy” ended in the 1960s, and under the new restrictive immigration policy, immigrants of British and European origin, especially northern Europeans, were preferred due to their perceived ease in adapting to the Canadian way of life.
Q: What was the purpose of the Massey Commission and what were some of the measures it recommended?
A: The Massey Commission was established to assess the influence of American culture on Canada and recommend how to strengthen Canadian culture. It recommended measures such as promoting national communication, Canadian cultural education in drama and music, and the development of a national radio network, which led to the creation of CBC Television.
Q: When was the National Film Board (NFB) established and what was its purpose?
A: The National Film Board (NFB) was established in 1939 with the purpose of producing and distributing films to promote and preserve Canadian culture, as well as to provide a platform for Canadian filmmakers.
