Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych101: 8-Memory > The 3 Box Model of Memory > Flashcards

The 3 Box Model of Memory Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the 3 Box Model the leading approach for memory?

A
  • offers a convenient way to organize major finding on memory
  • accounts for these findings
  • is consistent with biological facts of memory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function: sensory register

A
  • preserves extremely accurate images of sensory information
  • visual up to 1/2 second
  • auditory up to 2 seconds
  • includes separate subsystems for each of our senses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens during the transfer of information from the sensory register to short-term memory?

A
  • stimulus is identified on the basis of information stored in LTM
  • it is decided whether the stimulus is worth our attention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is involved in the retention of (memory) information for brief periods?

A

-short-term memory (STM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the capacity of STM?

A

-limited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Besides retaining new information for brief periods, what else can STM do?

A

-it can also hold information retrieved from LTM for temporary use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Information in STM is no longer a sensory image, but….

A

-an encoding of a sensory image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the estimates for STM capacity?

A

-estimates range from 2-20 items

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do we maximize the capacity of STM?

A

-we group small bits of information into larger units, called chunks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

More information can be fit into a “chunk” if…

A
  • you have more experience with the particular information
    (ex. football lovers can put player formations into a chunk, and a football hater would need many more chunks, and probably won’t be able to retain it)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In the 3 box model, the STM functioned as a buffer for holding and rehearsing information until it could be transferred to LTM. Many have called for a more complex model, in which….

A

-the STM also functions as a working memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function: working memory

A
  • holds and operates on information that has been retrieved from LTM for temporary use
  • it includes active “executive” processes that control the manipulation of information and interprets it appropriately, depending on the task at hand
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Function: long-term memory (LTM)

A
  • long term storage of information

- capacity seems to have no limits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the ways in which information can get stored in LTM?

A
  • in semantic categories
  • by how the words sound or look
  • by the familiarity, relevance, or association with other information
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define: long-term semantic memory

A

-an immense network of concepts and the relationships among them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define: semantic category

A

-concept (orange), gets linked to its semantic category (fruit)

17
Q

What happens in “tip of the tongue” (TOT) states?

A

-people tend to come up with words that are:
-similar in meaning
-similar to starting letter
-similar to prefix, suffix
-similar syllables
before they recall what they were looking for

18
Q

Most theories of memory distinguish between….

A
  • memories of “knowing how”

- memories of “knowing that”

19
Q

What are “knowing how” memories associated with?

A

-performance of actions or skills

20
Q

What are “knowing that” memories associated with?

A

-facts, rules, concepts, and events

21
Q

What is the correct term of memories for the performance of actions or skills?
(knowing how)

A

-procedural memories

22
Q

What is the correct term of memories of facts, rules, concepts, and events?
(knowing that)

A

-declarative memories

23
Q

What kinds of memories are considered implicit?

A

-procedural memories

24
Q

What are the 2 categories of declarative memories?

A
  • semantic memories

- episodic memories

25
Q

What types of memories are considered explicit?

A

-declarative memories

26
Q

Memories of general knowledge, including facts, rules, concepts, and propositions are defined as…

A

-semantic memories

27
Q

Memories of representations of personally-experienced events are defined as…

A

-episodic memories

28
Q

The tendency to recall the first and last items on a list and surpass recall of items in the middle of the list is defined ass…

A

-serial-position effect

29
Q

The first few items on a list are remembered well because…

A

-they do not have to compete to make it into LTM

30
Q

What can explain why the last few items on a list are remembered…

A

-when items in the middle get into STM, it is already flooded, so many of these items drop our of STM before they can be stored in LTM

Psych101: 8-Memory (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions