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Prelims > TFN > Flashcards

TFN Flashcards

1
Q

Who began to assume the great significance of providing a clean and healthy environment to achieve recovery of patients and continues up to present

A

Florence Nightlingale

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2
Q

Florence Nightingale served during what war

A

Crimean War

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3
Q

Historical Eras

A
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4
Q

Identify the Historical Era:
Major Question:
What curriculum content should nurses study to be nurses

Emphasis:
Courses included in nursing programs

Outcomes:
Standardized curricula for diploma programs

Emerging Goal:
Develop specialized knowledge and higher education

A

Curriculum Era 1900 to 1940

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5
Q

Identify the Historical Era:
Major Question:
What is the focus for nursing research?

Emphasis:
Role of nurses and what to research

Outcomes:
Problem studies and studies of nurses

Emerging Goal:
Isolated studies do not yield unified knowledge

A

Research Era 1950 to 1970

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6
Q

Identify the Historical Era:
Major Question:
What knowledge is needed for the practice of nursing

Emphasis:
Carving out an advanced role and basis for nursing practice

Outcomes:
Nurses have an important role in health care

Emerging Goal:
Focus graduate education on knowledge development

A

Graduate Education Era 1950 to 1970

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7
Q

Identify the Historical Era:
Major Question:
How do these frameworks guide research practice?

Emphasis:
There are many ways to think about nursing

Outcomes:
Nursing theoretical works shift focus to the patient

Emerging Goal:
Theories guide nursing research and practice

A

Theory Era 1980 to 1990

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8
Q

Identify the Historical Era:
Major Question:
What new theories are needed to produce evidence of quality care?

Emphasis:
Nursing theory guides research, practice, education, and administration

Outcomes:
Middle-range theory may be from quantitative or qualitative approaches

Emerging Goal:
Nursing frameworks produce knowledge for quality care

A

Theory Utilization Era 21st Century

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9
Q

Identify whether the statement is Nursing as a Discipline or Profession:

Specific to academia and refers to a branch of
education, a department of learning or a domain of
knowledge

A

Discipline

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10
Q

Identify whether the statement is Nursing as a Discipline or Profession:

Discipline or Profession:
Refers to a specialized field of practice founded on the
theoretical structure of the science or knowledge of the
discipline and accompanying practice abilities.

A

Profession

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11
Q

Identify whether the statement is Nursing as a Discipline or Profession:

Branch of education; theoretical works leading to higher
level of education and practice.

A

Discipline

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12
Q

Identify whether the statement is Nursing as a Discipline or Profession:

Functional Focus (what nurses do) – knowledge
focus or what nurses know and how they use them for
thinking and decision making while taking care of a
patient. (example: Nursing)

A

Discipline

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13
Q

Identify whether the statement is Nursing as a Discipline or Profession:

Knowledge of persons, health and environment forms
the basis for nursing as a discipline

A

Discipline

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14
Q

Identify whether the statement is Nursing as a Discipline or Profession:

Knowledge of that discipline and accompanying
practice abilities.

A

Profession

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15
Q

Identify whether the statement is Nursing as a Discipline or Profession:

Kuhn – stated, “the study of paradigms is what mainly
prepares the student for membership in a particular
scientific community with which he / she will practice.
By studying and practicing with them, the clients or
community involved learn their trade.

A

Discipline

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16
Q

Identify whether the statement is Nursing as a Discipline or Profession:

Recognition and respect for their scholarly disciplined
contribution to the health of society

A

Profession

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17
Q

Meaning knowledge, understanding. Concerned with the theory of knowledge in philosophical inquiry or how knowledge came to be

A

Epistemology

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18
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Way of looking at reality using the five senses.

A

Empiricism

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19
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Prior reasoning- utilizes deductive: cause to effect or general to particular

A

Rationalism

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20
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

An object is real in so far as seen, felt, smelled, tasted, heard

A

Empiricism

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21
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Use of the rational senses in ensuring the truthfulness of a phenomenon

A

Rationalism

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22
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

A theory which states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience

A

Empiricism

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23
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Understand the whole first before you can appreciate the lesser parts

A

Rationalism

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24
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Knowledge is based on experience

A

Empiricism

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25
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Gather information more and observe facts before finally saying a theory exists

A

Empiricism

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26
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Regards reason as the chief reason as the chief source and test of knowledge

A

Rationalism

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27
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Any view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification

A

Rationalism

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28
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Criterion of truth is not sensory but intellectual and deductive

A

Rationalism

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29
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

Reynolds Research-then-theory strategy

A

Empiricism

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30
Q

Identify whether the statement is Rationalism or Empiricism:

is inductive

A

Empiricism

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31
Q

Statements in a theory may state definitions or relations among concepts

A

Relational statements

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32
Q

Relate concepts to one another permit analysis

A

Theoretical Statements

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33
Q

Relate concepts to measurements

A

Operational Statements

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34
Q

Are simple, true, universal and absolute

A

Scientific Laws

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35
Q

Accepted as true and proved

A

Theory

36
Q

Has not been proved

A

Hypothesis

37
Q

Founder of Modern Nursing

A

Florence Nightingale

38
Q

Florence Nightingale

A

Modern Nursing and Environmental Theory

39
Q

Fiver Essential Components of the Environmental Theory

A
  1. Pure Air
  2. Light
  3. Cleanliness
  4. Efficient Drainage
  5. Pure Water
40
Q

Margaret Jean Harman Watson

A

Theory of Transpersonal Caring

41
Q

What are the Three theoretical Assertions of Theory of Transpersonal Caring

A
  1. Trim - calls for nurses to go beyond procedures, tasks and techniques
  2. Core - aspects of nurse-patient relationship resulting in a therapeutic outcome
  3. Curing - elimination of disease
42
Q

10 Carative Factors of Theory of Transpersonal Caring

A
  1. The formation of a humanistic-altruistic
    system of values
  2. The instillation of faith-hope
    3.The cultivation of sensitivity to oneʼs self
    and to others
  3. Development of a helping-trusting, human
    caring relation
  4. The promotion and acceptance of the
    expression of positive and negative
    feelings
  5. systematic use of a creative problem
    solving caring process
  6. The provision of supportive, protective, and
    corrective mental, physical, societal, and
    spiritual environment
    8.The assistance with gratification
    of human needs”
  7. Allowance for existential-
    phenomenological-spiritual
    forces
    ?
43
Q

Caritas Processes - involves being real, honest, genuine, and authentic

A

Congruence

44
Q

Caritas Processes - is the ability to experience and thereby understanding the other person’s perceptions and feelings and to communicate those understandings

A

Empathy

45
Q

Caritas Processes - is demonstrated by a moderate speaking volume, a relaxed open posture, and facial expressions that are congruent with other communications

A

Non-possessive warmth

46
Q

Caritas Processes - has cognitive, affective, and behavior response components

A

Effective communication

47
Q

Uses non-technical, sophisticated, fluid and evolutionary language

A

Clarity

48
Q

Draws on a number of disciplines, the theory is more about being that about doing

A

Simplicity

49
Q

Best understood as a moral and philosophical basis for nursing. Watson’s personal growth emphasis is a quality tat while appealing to some may not appeal to other

A

Generality

50
Q

Acknowledges the evolving nature of the theory

A

Empirical Precision

51
Q

Metaphysical orientation for the delivery of nursing care

A

Derivable Consequence

52
Q

Marilyn Anne (Dee) Ray

A

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring

53
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring which involves creativity and revealed in attachment, love, and community

A

Spirituality

54
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring which is related to moral obligation towards others

A

Ethical

55
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring which includes formal and information programs, use of AV media to convey information and other teaching/sharing information r/t the meaning of caring

A

Educational

56
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring the physical state of being including biological and mental patterns

A

Physical

57
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring includes ethnicity and family structures, intimacy with friends and family communication; social interaction and support ; understanding interrelationships, involvement, and intimacy

A

Socio-cultural

58
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring which include nonhuman resources, such as the use of machinery to maintain the physiological well-being of the patient, diagnostic tests, pharmaceutical agents, and the knowledge and skill needed to use these resources

A

Technological

59
Q
A
60
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring to the meaning of caring including money, budget, insurance systems, limitations and guidelines imposed by managed care organization

A

Economic

61
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring the power structure within health care administration and how it influences nursing

A

Political

62
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring Critique is defined clearly and consistent with definitions commonly used by practicing nurses

A

Clarity

63
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring which simplifies dynamics of complex bureaucratic organizations

A

Simplicity

64
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring that addresses the nature of nursing as caring, proposes that nurses are choice makers guided by spiritual-ethical caring

A

Generality

65
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring hat provides guidance for practice and enhance nurses’ understanding of dynamics of healthcare organizations

A

Accesibility

66
Q

Theory of Bureaucratic Caring that is relevant to contemporary work world of nurses

A

Importance

67
Q

Patricia Benner

A

Caring, Clinical Wisdom and Ethics in Nursing Practice

68
Q

Identify the Skill Acquisition
-The person has no background experience of the situation
- context-free rules and objective attributes must be given to guide performance
- difficulty discerning relevant vs irrelevant aspects
- applies to students but can be applied to nurses placed in a situation completely foreign to them

A

Novice

69
Q

Identify the Skill Acquisition :
- The person can demonstrate marginally acceptable performance
- has enough experience to grasp aspects of the situation
- guided by rules and oriented by task completion
- clinical situations are viewed as a test of their abilities and demands rather than in terms of patient needs and responses

A

Advanced Beginner

70
Q

Identify the Skill Acquisition:
- defined by conscious and deliberate planning which aspects of current and future situations are important and which can be ignored
- display hyper-responsibility for the patient and exhibit an ever-present and critical view of self
- learner begins to recognize patterns and determine which element warrant attention

A

Competent

71
Q

Identify the Skill Acquisition:
- perceives the situation as whole rather than in terms of aspects and the performance is guided by maxims
-recognizes the most salient aspects and has an intuitive grasp of the situation
- ability to see changing relevance in a situation including recognition and implementation of skilled responses

A

Proficient

72
Q

Identify the Skill Acquisition:
- having an intuitive grasp of the situation and being able to identify the region of the problem without losing time considering a range of alternative diagnoses and solutions
- demonstrating a clinical grasp and resource based practice
- possessing embodied know-how -seeing the big picture
-seeing the unexpected

A

Expert

73
Q

Kari Martinsen

A

Philosophy of Caring

74
Q

Philosophy of Caring that requires at least 2 people

A

Relational

75
Q

Philosophy of Caring that is about concrete and practical action

A

Practical

76
Q

Philosophy of Caring which acknowledgement of the other in light of his situation

A

Moral

77
Q

Philosophy of Caring:
- when empathy and reflection work together in such a way that caring can be expressed in nursing
- present in concrete situations and individual actions need to be accounted for

A

Moral Practice

78
Q

Philosophy of Caring:
- demand professional knowledge which affords the view of the patient as a suffering person, and which protects his integrity

A

Person-oriented Professionalism

79
Q

Philosophy of Caring:
- phenomenon that are beyond human control and influence and therefore sovereign
- includes openness, mercy, trust, hope, and love

A

Sovereign life utterances

80
Q

Philosophy of Caring:
- Boundaries for which individuals much have respect

A

Untouchable Zone

81
Q

Philosophy of Caring:
- given as a law of life concerning neighborly love which is a foundationally human

A

Vocation

82
Q

Philosophy of Caring:
Being touched or moved by the suffering of the other and the situation the other experiences
- participatory event based on the reciprocation that unifies perception and understanding

A

Eye of the Heart

83
Q

Philosophy of Caring:
- concerned with finding connections, and analyzing it into a system
alliance with modern natural science and technology

A

Registering Eye

84
Q

Katie Eriksson

A

Theory of Caritative Caring

85
Q

Theory of Caritative Caring:
were experience in connection with illness and treatment

A

Suffering Illness

86
Q

Theory of Caritative Caring:
where the patient is expose to suffering caused by care of absence of care ( not be taken seriously, not to be welcomed, being blamed.)

A

Suffering Care

87
Q

Theory of Caritative Caring
situation of being a patient

A

Suffering life

Prelims (4 decks)

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