Textiles and Design: yr 12 properties and performance of textiles

Question 1

Fabric finishes

Answer 1

are processes that improve the properties of fibers, yarns, and fabric. Finishes can be permanent or tempoary

Question 2

Finishes that enhance appearance

Answer 2

delustering, mercerising and napping

Question 3

Delustering

Answer 3

Titanium dioxide powder is added to synthetic fiber solutions before extrusion through the spinneret to reduce the luster of synthetic fibers.

effect=Permanent

Question 4

Mercerising

Answer 4

Cotton fibers, yarns, or fabrics are immersed in alkali solution. This causes the fibers to swell and straighten, creating a fiber with a circular cross-section. This increases luster, strength, and dyeability

effect=permanent

Question 5

Delustering end uses

Answer 5

apparel, furnishing fabric, carpet

Question 6

Mercerisng end uses

Answer 6

sewing thread, apparel, furnishing fabrics

Question 7

Napping

Answer 7

Yarn or fabric is passed over barbed rollers that raise the fiber ends, resulting in a soft surface with better insulation

effect=permanent

Question 8

Finishes that improve dimensional stability

Answer 8

sanfrosing and superwash wool

Question 9

Sanfrosing

Answer 9

Damp cotton fabric is stretched around rollers and hated, revered to compress the fabric and heated again. This results in cotton fabric with less than 1% shrinkage

effect=permanet

Question 10

Sanfrosing end uses

Answer 10

cotton t-shirts, cotton baby clothes

Question 11

Superwash wool

Answer 11

Allows wool to be machine washed and dried. Mild chemical treatment is applied to fiber to form a permanent microscopic film. The finish reduces shrinkage that usually occurs if wool garments are machine washed and dried

effect=permanent

Question 12

Superwash wool end uses

Answer 12

school jumpers, knitting wool

Question 13

Finishes that give protection from environmental conditions

Answer 13

Water repellent, flurochemistry and antimicrobials

Question 14

Water repellent

Answer 14

Hydrophobic chemicals are applied to fabric to make them waterproof. The water droplets remain on the surface of the fabric. The breathing ability of the fabric is retained. Invisible finish

effect=tempoary

Question 15

Water repellent end uses

Answer 15

raincoats, umbrellas, ski wear, outdoor furnishings

Question 16

Flurochemistry

Answer 16

Fluorochemicals are applied at either fiber or fabric stage to give an invisible barrier to stains and oils.

effect= permanent or tempoary

Question 17

Flurochemistry end uses

Answer 17

carpet, upholstery, uniforms, suits, luggage

manufactures: teflon

Question 18

Antimicrobials

Answer 18

Chemical treatment is applied to fibre or fabric to control the growth of bacteria, fungi and dust mites.

effect=permanent

Question 19

Antrimircroials end uses

Answer 19

bed linen, bedding, clothing, shoes, carpets and air filters

Question 20

Napping end uses

Answer 20

flannelette, blankets, flannel