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tenaya subjects > Textiles and Design: colouration > Flashcards

Textiles and Design: colouration Flashcards

1
Q

What is Printing

A

Is a textile art that involves applying a surface decoration design via a pigment that allows for greater flexibility in the coloration of patterned fabric

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2
Q

what is Direct printing

A

where a textile material has a design directly printed on the surface of the fabric

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3
Q

Types of direct printing

A

block printing
roller printing
warp printing

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4
Q

Block printing

A

A design is carved into a block medium and coated with a pigment

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5
Q

Block printing: Advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • patterns are hand-carved and unique
  • no skills required

Disadvantages:

  • Slow and time consuming
  • difficult to align work and keep pattern consistent
  • usually mono-colored
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6
Q

Roller printing

A

rollers are engraved or etched with designs that are subsequently rolled onto the fabric to repeated the pattern. Up to 16 colors can be used

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7
Q

Roller printing: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • cheap for mass production
  • good for large quantities

Disadvantages:

  • Lots of wastage
  • can’t do small runs
  • costly to engrave rolls
  • can distort the fabric
  • Can’t put on fabric that needs to stretch
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8
Q

Block printing end uses

A

clothing, sheeting, home furnishings

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9
Q

Roller printing end uses

A

clothing, sheeting, home furnishings

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10
Q

Warp printing

A

Uses to print onto warp yarns, which are then woven with plain dyed weft yarns. The printed yarns produce a fabric with soft, blurry, muted-tone designs

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11
Q

Warp printing: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:
- gives an expensive look

Disadvantages:

  • Hazy design may be undesirble
  • time-consuming
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12
Q

Warp printing end uses

A

Taffeta, cotton, furnishing fabrics, and upholstery

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13
Q

Resist printing

A

Uses a resist to prevent the paste from being applied to the fabric.

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14
Q

Types of resist printing

A

Batik, stencil printing, screen printing and ikat

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15
Q

Batik

A

Wax is stamped or drawn onto a fabric. It later dries, and the process of applying wax and dying can be repeated several times to produce different effects and colours

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16
Q

Batik end uses

A

designs for fabrics, sarong, featured in fashion shows

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17
Q

Batik: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:
- can be repeated to create different effect/ colour

Disadvantages:
- involves slow labor
intensive process
careful planning
not for large scale
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18
Q

Stencil printing

A

Uses a resistor such as plastic, contact paper, or masking tape. The design is cut into a resist paper film, the stenciling brushes or sponges are used to apply the printing color

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19
Q

Stencil printing end uses

A

T-shirts, clothing, logo

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20
Q

Stencil printing: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • make specific designs
  • cheap and easy

disadvantages:

  • stencil may move whilst printing and smudge design
  • New stencil needed every time
  • time-consuming
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21
Q

Hand or manual screen printing

A

when a frame is laid down onto a printing bed and a squeegee is used to force the printing paste through the designed areas on the screen mesh.

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22
Q

hand or manual screen printing end uses

A

t-shirts, tote bag, other fabrics

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23
Q

Hand or manual printing : advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:
- designs can be done on the same screen multiple times using different colors

Disadvantages:

  • required intensive manual labour
  • needs multiple people and skills
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24
Q

Machine screen printing

A

screen printing used by a machine and the basic principles of screen printing skill apply

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25
Q

Machine screen printing end uses

A

wide fabrics, scarves, pillowcases

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26
Q

Machine screen printing: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • quick
  • does not need to wait for paste to dry
  • accurate

Disadvantages:

  • lots of wastage
  • requires skill and large machines (costly)
  • only can be done on wide fabics
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27
Q

Rotary screen printing

A

the printing paste is forced through the inside of the roller via automated squeeges

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28
Q

Rotary screen printing end uses

A

clothing, furnishings

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29
Q

Rotary screen printing: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • mass production
  • good precision
  • chaper to produce
  • fast
  • minimal pigment

Disadvantages:

  • costly to start up
  • need to be skilled (computerised)
30
Q

Heat transfer printing (sublimation)

A

Can only be done on polyester. The designs are heated at a high temp and pressure is applied. The printed paper is placed on the face of the fabric and passed through pressure-heated rollers. Garments printed this way are usually high quality or high resolution images

31
Q

Heat transfer printing end uses

A

T-shirts, pjs, childrens clothing, furnishings, dresses

32
Q

Heat transfer printing: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • economical and enviromentally friendly
  • does not require to be wetted out
  • no heat setting required
  • high resolution images

Disadvantages:

  • requires the use of specifically printed paper
  • only done on polyester
  • high temp increases the danger
  • risk of workers getting burnt
  • costly
33
Q

Direct digital printing

A

involves printing directly onto a fabric using technology and innovative systems and programs

34
Q

Direct digital printing end uses

A

Large scale, apparel, whatever you want

35
Q

Direct digital printing: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • Large scale
  • decorative designs
  • continuous printing
  • can print whatever you want
  • not expensive

Disadvantages:

  • required high-end large scale specialist machines
  • can be expensive due to production
36
Q

Dye def

A

a soluble colour that is applied from a solution called a dye liquor or dye solution

37
Q

Dying def

A

the process of penetrating or combining a permanent colour to a fibre, yarn or fabric

38
Q

Dye types

A

direct, reactive, sulfur, azoic, vat, acid, basic, disperse

39
Q

Direct

A

cellulosic

40
Q

Reactive

A

cellulosic, wool, silk, acrylic and nylon

41
Q

Sulfur

A

cellulosic

42
Q

Azoic

A

cotton and some polyesters

43
Q

Vat

A

cellulosic

44
Q

Acid

A

wool, silk, nylon, modified rayon, arcylic and polyester

45
Q

Basic

A

arylic, polyester, nylon and discharge prints on cotton

46
Q

Disperse

A

polyester, nylon and synthetic

47
Q

Principles of dying

A
  1. quantity of dye is made by dissolving the dyestuff with water
  2. the fibre, yarn or fabric is wetted out
  3. It is immersed in the dye liquor
  4. then agitated (mixing it)
  5. migration occurs as dye molecules end up in textiles
  6. Dye molecules diffuse into the amorphs regions
  7. Anchored (temperature of dye bath is lowered and dye is trapped inside)
48
Q

How is pre-fiber dying achieved

A

Solution or dope dying

49
Q

Pre-fibre dying: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • excellent for hard to dye fibres
  • outstanding courfastness
  • solid uniform colour

Disadvantages:

  • high cost
  • only available for manufactured fibres
50
Q

How is fibre dying achived

A

Stock or fibre dying. Losse fibres are dyed before spinning

51
Q

Fibre dying: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • good dye penetration
  • two-tone patterning can occur

Disadvantages:

  • high cost
  • fibre dye uptake
52
Q

How is yarn dying achived

A

Beam dying. The yarns are wrapped on cones and then submerged into dye vats

53
Q

Yarn dying: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • high quality
  • uses to create patterned fabrics

Disadvantages:
- high cost

54
Q

How is fabric dying achived

A

Peice dying.

55
Q

fabric dying: Advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • produces solid colour
  • lower costs
  • quick response to fashion trends

Disadvantages:

  • materials need to be well prepared
  • knowledge of fiber, yarn and fabric propities
  • knowledge of dying technology
56
Q

How is product dying achived

A

apparel or other finished products

57
Q

product dying: advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:

  • less expensive
  • quick response to fashion trends

Disadvantages:

  • required well prepared materials
  • threads, trims are difficult to match
58
Q

Methods of batch dying

A

winch, jig and pad

59
Q

Winch dying

A

The fabric is sewn together at the end and lifted in and out of the dye bath. The dye penetrates the fibres due to countious immersion

60
Q

Jig dying

A

The fabric is carried around the rock and rolled back and fourth through the dye bath at regular intervals

61
Q

Pad dying

A

The fabric is run through a dye bath in an open mouth where it passes through a series of rollers

62
Q

Methods of combination dying

A

Paddle, jet, continuous, foam and artistic

63
Q

Paddle dying

A

A process of dying textiles in a machine that gently moves the goods using paddles. This is a slow process but little abrasion is produced

64
Q

Jet dying

A

Sealed vats use high-pressure jet streams of dye. Fine fabrics can be dyed this way

65
Q

Continuous dying

A

Can dye yarns and fabrics. Machines are used to wet out the dye and treat, wash and rinse the textile material

66
Q

Foam dying

A

is economical and environmentally friendly as it uses less water in the dying process leading to less water wastage and runoff

67
Q

Artistic dying

A

Describes a pattern of color by preventing the dye from reaching some areas of the fabric whilst dying others eg. tie dye

68
Q

Applique

A

the technique off applying fabric shapes to a fabric backing

69
Q

The basic method of applique

A
  1. draw the design onto a fusible web
  2. iron fusible web to wrong side of the fabric and cut out applique shape
  3. peel off the tear-away stabilizer
  4. Stitch around the edge of the shape on your chosen fabric
70
Q

Embroidery

A

is the method of decorating or embellishing a base fabric with yarns. This can be done either by hand or using a machine

71
Q

Embroidery stitch types

A

running stitch, back stitch, couching, blanket stitch

tenaya subjects (7 decks)

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