Textbook Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are some reasons that the Alter of the 12 Gods is so significant?
- Associated with Goddess of Pity, due to how many people sought asylum there
- Milestone for distances
- Evidence that Greeks singled out 12 of their Gods to worship as a group
Who are the six offspring of Rhea and Cronus included among the 12 gods?
Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, Zeus
Why was Hesoid’s Theogony considered important?
For understanding the vast networks of Gods and Goddesses.
Who are the other Olympians included in the 12 gods (Zeus’ children).
Aphrodite, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Ares, Hephaestus, Hermes, Dionysus
When was the Early Bronze age and what regions did it make up?
3000-2100 BCE, Ancient Near East
Which important events shaped the Early Bronze age?
Mesopotamia (Sumer)- Writing systems develop (3000BCE)
Mesopotamia- Gilgamesh rules the city of Uruk (2800 BCE)
Mesopotamia- Sargon of Akaad defeats the Sumerian states
When was the middle bronze age and what regions did it make up?
2100-1600 BCE, Ancient Near East
What important events shaped the middle bronze age?
Mesopotamia in the Desert of Early Grass (1750 BCE)
Anatolia-Rise of Hittite empire (1750 BCE)
Egypt: Hymn to Toth (1332 BCE)
When was the late bronze age and what was it also known as?
1600-1150 BCE, the Mycenaen.
What happened in Ancient Greece during the late bronze age?
Linear B was used in mainland Greece
Mycenae and other cities were destroyed in 1200-1150BCE
What happened in the Ancient Near East during the late bronze age?
Epic of Gilgamesh, Enuma Elish, and The Descent of Ishtar were written in Early versions
Troy was destroyed (1200-1150 BCE)
When was the Iron Age?
1150-750 BCE
What happened in Ancient Greece during the Iron Age?
First olympics in 776BCE
What happened in the Ancient Near East during the Iron age?
Mesopotamia: Writings of Gilgamesh etc
Anatolia: Height of Phyrgian Empire, and worship of Cybele (8th Century BCE)
Levent: Israelites, Philistines, and Phoenicians. Portions of Hebrew bible and Genesis were composed
When was the traditional founding date of Rome?
Iron Age, 753 BCE
When ws the Archaic Period?
750-490 BCE
What happened in Ancient Greece in the Archaic period?
Writings by Homer and Hesoid
Athens: Presistriatid Tyranny (546-510 BCE). Democratic reforms (508 BCE)
What happend in the Ancient Near East in the Archaic period?
Levant: Portions of the Hebrew bible and Genesis were redacted.
When did the Roman Republic begin?
Archaic Period, 509 BCE
When was the Classical Period?
490-323 BCE.
When was the Hellenistic Period?
323-30 BCE
When did Greece fall under Roman control?
146 BCE
When did the Imperial Roman Period happen?
30 BCE- 476 CE
What does it mean that myths are traditional?
They represent beliefs shared by a group or society, and are often passed down orally for generations before they are recorded or written
What was an important feature that Doty identified from myths?
A myth always exists in a context- context can be a particular society, religious group, or even a work of art that represents societal values
What is the function of a myth?
The purpose that the myth serves for individuals, groups, or society as a whole
Why is the word “classical” used to describe Greek and Rome?
Greece and Rome represented the pinnacle of success in the arts, politics, and philosophy according to some scholars.
What are classical myths?
Myths from ancient Greece and Rome
When was Ancient Greece in power?
3000 BCE-146 BCE
What is meant by Panhellenic Deities?
Gods recognizable by ALL Greeks.
How are myths and logic in opposition?
Myths: Not rational, stories, metaphors, symbols, inaccurate, did not aim to describe things as they are
Logic: Rational arguments, straightforward prose, explains cosmos rationally
When did Anatolia collapse?
1200 BCE
What was the job of the Phoenicians in the Levant?
Sailers and traiders that travelled throughout the Mediterranean world and spread religious and cultural ideas
What are the 3 forms that make up a myth?
Form, content, and function
What is a theory in classical mythology?
A lens held over the myth that enables the viewer to look at parts or aspects of the myth not readily available to a passive observer. Asks how the myth functions
