Textbook Chapter 1

Question 1

What are some reasons that the Alter of the 12 Gods is so significant?

Answer 1

• Associated with Goddess of Pity, due to how many people sought asylum there
• Milestone for distances
• Evidence that Greeks singled out 12 of their Gods to worship as a group

Question 2

Who are the six offspring of Rhea and Cronus included among the 12 gods?

Answer 2

Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, Zeus

Question 3

Why was Hesoid’s Theogony considered important?

Answer 3

For understanding the vast networks of Gods and Goddesses.

Question 4

Who are the other Olympians included in the 12 gods (Zeus’ children).

Answer 4

Aphrodite, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Ares, Hephaestus, Hermes, Dionysus

Question 5

When was the Early Bronze age and what regions did it make up?

Answer 5

3000-2100 BCE, Ancient Near East

Question 6

Which important events shaped the Early Bronze age?

Answer 6

Mesopotamia (Sumer)- Writing systems develop (3000BCE)
Mesopotamia- Gilgamesh rules the city of Uruk (2800 BCE)
Mesopotamia- Sargon of Akaad defeats the Sumerian states

Question 7

When was the middle bronze age and what regions did it make up?

Answer 7

2100-1600 BCE, Ancient Near East

Question 8

What important events shaped the middle bronze age?

Answer 8

Mesopotamia in the Desert of Early Grass (1750 BCE)
Anatolia-Rise of Hittite empire (1750 BCE)
Egypt: Hymn to Toth (1332 BCE)

Question 9

When was the late bronze age and what was it also known as?

Answer 9

1600-1150 BCE, the Mycenaen.

Question 10

What happened in Ancient Greece during the late bronze age?

Answer 10

Linear B was used in mainland Greece

Mycenae and other cities were destroyed in 1200-1150BCE

Question 11

What happened in the Ancient Near East during the late bronze age?

Answer 11

Epic of Gilgamesh, Enuma Elish, and The Descent of Ishtar were written in Early versions
Troy was destroyed (1200-1150 BCE)

Question 12

When was the Iron Age?

Answer 12

1150-750 BCE

Question 13

What happened in Ancient Greece during the Iron Age?

Answer 13

First olympics in 776BCE

Question 14

What happened in the Ancient Near East during the Iron age?

Answer 14

Mesopotamia: Writings of Gilgamesh etc
Anatolia: Height of Phyrgian Empire, and worship of Cybele (8th Century BCE)
Levent: Israelites, Philistines, and Phoenicians. Portions of Hebrew bible and Genesis were composed

Question 15

When was the traditional founding date of Rome?

Answer 15

Iron Age, 753 BCE

Question 16

When ws the Archaic Period?

Answer 16

750-490 BCE

Question 17

What happened in Ancient Greece in the Archaic period?

Answer 17

Writings by Homer and Hesoid

Athens: Presistriatid Tyranny (546-510 BCE). Democratic reforms (508 BCE)

Question 18

What happend in the Ancient Near East in the Archaic period?

Answer 18

Levant: Portions of the Hebrew bible and Genesis were redacted.

Question 19

When did the Roman Republic begin?

Answer 19

Archaic Period, 509 BCE

Question 20

When was the Classical Period?

Answer 20

490-323 BCE.

Question 21

When was the Hellenistic Period?

Answer 21

323-30 BCE

Question 22

When did Greece fall under Roman control?

Answer 22

146 BCE

Question 23

When did the Imperial Roman Period happen?

Answer 23

30 BCE- 476 CE

Question 24

What does it mean that myths are traditional?

Answer 24

They represent beliefs shared by a group or society, and are often passed down orally for generations before they are recorded or written

Question 25

What was an important feature that Doty identified from myths?

Answer 25

A myth always exists in a context- context can be a particular society, religious group, or even a work of art that represents societal values

Question 26

What is the function of a myth?

Answer 26

The purpose that the myth serves for individuals, groups, or society as a whole

Question 27

Why is the word “classical” used to describe Greek and Rome?

Answer 27

Greece and Rome represented the pinnacle of success in the arts, politics, and philosophy according to some scholars.

Question 28

What are classical myths?

Answer 28

Myths from ancient Greece and Rome

Question 29

When was Ancient Greece in power?

Answer 29

3000 BCE-146 BCE

Question 30

What is meant by Panhellenic Deities?

Answer 30

Gods recognizable by ALL Greeks.

Question 31

How are myths and logic in opposition?

Answer 31

Myths: Not rational, stories, metaphors, symbols, inaccurate, did not aim to describe things as they are
Logic: Rational arguments, straightforward prose, explains cosmos rationally

Question 32

When did Anatolia collapse?

Answer 32

1200 BCE

Question 33

What was the job of the Phoenicians in the Levant?

Answer 33

Sailers and traiders that travelled throughout the Mediterranean world and spread religious and cultural ideas

Question 34

What are the 3 forms that make up a myth?

Answer 34

Form, content, and function

Question 35

What is a theory in classical mythology?

Answer 35

A lens held over the myth that enables the viewer to look at parts or aspects of the myth not readily available to a passive observer. Asks how the myth functions