TESTS FOR DETOXIFICATION FUNCTION

Question 1

It is used to assess the extent of liver damage

Answer 1

ENZYME TESTS

Question 2

Indicator of cell injury in early or localized liver disease (hepatocellular/functional
disease)

Answer 2

ENZYME TESTS

Question 3

6 Hepatic enzymes:

Answer 3

o Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
o Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)
o 5ʼNucleotidase (5ʼN)
o Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT)
o Lactate Dehydrogenase (LD)
o Ornithine Carbamoyl Transferase (OCT)

Question 4

Diagnostic marker of hepatic failure

Answer 4

AMMONIA

Question 5

Problem in liver causes _______________

Answer 5

increased ammonia deposits (no urea cycle)

Question 6

AMMONIA Reference value

Answer 6

19-60 ug/dl

Question 7

ammonia preferred specimen

Answer 7

Venous blood
o Heparin, EDTA, Potassium oxalate (plasma)
o Kept in ice water immediately during transport (to inactivate urease-converting bacteria, preventing conversion of ammonia to urea)
o Minimal tourniquet application and fist clenching prohibition is observed

Question 8

Ammonia specimen precautions

Answer 8

o Smoking → cause false ↑ ammonia by 100-200 ug/L per cigar
o Exercise
o Probing of vein
o Under filing of tube
o Hemolysis → cause false ↑ (ammonia in RBC is 2-3 x more conc. than plasma)

Question 9

Ammonia storage

Answer 9

Iced / Frozen

Question 10

Most common method utilized in automated analyzers

Answer 10

GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE METHOD