JAUNDICE

Question 1

Hyperbilirubinemia characterized by yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera, and mucus membranes.

Answer 1

JAUNDICE

Question 2

no observable yellow discoloration

Answer 2

Overt jaundice (1.0-1.5 mg/dl)

Question 3

Yellow discoloration in jaundice is only observed if the total bilirubin reach

Answer 3

≥3.0-5.0 mg/dl

Question 4

more commonly termed for serum or plasma with yellow discoloration due to hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 4

Icterus

Question 5

Types of Jaundice

Answer 5

A. PRE-HEPATIC JAUNDICE
B. POST-HEPATIC JAUNDICE
C. HEPATIC JAUNDICE

Question 6

Hemolytic jaundice, Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 6

PRE-HEPATIC JAUNDICE

Question 7

Caused by too much red blood cell destruction: HDN, Hemolytic anemia, Malaria

Answer 7

PRE-HEPATIC JAUNDICE

Question 8

PRE-HEPATIC JAUNDICE Laboratory findings:
o Indirect Bilirubin: ___________
o Direct Bilirubin: ________
o Urobilinogen: ________
o Urine bilirubin: _________

Answer 8

o Indirect Bilirubin: ↑ (toxic as it can cross BBB causing kernicterus)
o Direct Bilirubin: Normal
o Urobilinogen: Normal
o Urine bilirubin: Negative

Question 9

What is kernicterus

Answer 9

bilirubin deposition in the brain causing severe motor dysfunction and retardation

Question 10

Aka: Obstructive Jaundice

Answer 10

POST-HEPATIC JAUNDICE

Question 11

Caused by failure of bile to flow to the intestine or impaired bilirubin excretion

Answer 11

POST-HEPATIC JAUNDICE

Question 12

POST-HEPATIC JAUNDICE Laboratory diagnosis:
o Indirect bilirubin:
o Direct bilirubin:
o Urobilinogen:
o Urine bilirubin:
o Alkaline phosphatase (no.1 marker for obstructive/post-hepatic jaundice):

Answer 12

o Indirect bilirubin: Normal
o Direct bilirubin: ↑
o Urobilinogen: ↓
o Urine bilirubin: Positive
o Alkaline phosphatase (no.1 marker for obstructive/post-hepatic jaundice): ↑
 Increases due to ↑ excretion rate

Question 13

Hepatocellular combined jaundice

Answer 13

HEPATIC JAUNDICE

Question 14

Caused by disorders of bilirubin metabolism, transport defects, hepatocellular injury or destruction

Answer 14

HEPATIC JAUNDICE

Question 15

Most commonly caused by inherited disorders

Answer 15

HEPATIC JAUNDICE

Question 16

HEPATIC JAUNDICE Laboratory findings:
o Indirect bilirubin:
o Direct bilirubin:
o Urobilinogen:
o Urine bilirubin:

Answer 16

o Indirect bilirubin: ↑
o Direct bilirubin: ↑
o Urobilinogen: ↓
o Urine bilirubin: Positive