JAUNDICE Flashcards
Hyperbilirubinemia characterized by yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera, and mucus membranes.
JAUNDICE
no observable yellow discoloration
Overt jaundice (1.0-1.5 mg/dl)
Yellow discoloration in jaundice is only observed if the total bilirubin reach
≥3.0-5.0 mg/dl
more commonly termed for serum or plasma with yellow discoloration due to hyperbilirubinemia
Icterus
Types of Jaundice
A. PRE-HEPATIC JAUNDICE
B. POST-HEPATIC JAUNDICE
C. HEPATIC JAUNDICE
Hemolytic jaundice, Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
PRE-HEPATIC JAUNDICE
Caused by too much red blood cell destruction: HDN, Hemolytic anemia, Malaria
PRE-HEPATIC JAUNDICE
PRE-HEPATIC JAUNDICE Laboratory findings:
o Indirect Bilirubin: ___________
o Direct Bilirubin: ________
o Urobilinogen: ________
o Urine bilirubin: _________
o Indirect Bilirubin: ↑ (toxic as it can cross BBB causing kernicterus)
o Direct Bilirubin: Normal
o Urobilinogen: Normal
o Urine bilirubin: Negative
What is kernicterus
bilirubin deposition in the brain causing severe motor dysfunction and retardation
Aka: Obstructive Jaundice
POST-HEPATIC JAUNDICE
Caused by failure of bile to flow to the intestine or impaired bilirubin excretion
POST-HEPATIC JAUNDICE
POST-HEPATIC JAUNDICE Laboratory diagnosis:
o Indirect bilirubin:
o Direct bilirubin:
o Urobilinogen:
o Urine bilirubin:
o Alkaline phosphatase (no.1 marker for obstructive/post-hepatic jaundice):
o Indirect bilirubin: Normal
o Direct bilirubin: ↑
o Urobilinogen: ↓
o Urine bilirubin: Positive
o Alkaline phosphatase (no.1 marker for obstructive/post-hepatic jaundice): ↑
Increases due to ↑ excretion rate
Hepatocellular combined jaundice
HEPATIC JAUNDICE
Caused by disorders of bilirubin metabolism, transport defects, hepatocellular injury or destruction
HEPATIC JAUNDICE
Most commonly caused by inherited disorders
HEPATIC JAUNDICE
