tests Flashcards

1
Q

flame test?

A

nichrome wire dipped in HCl then the solid crushed into a powder.

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2
Q

flame test colours?

A
lithium= red
sodium=  yellow
potassium= lilac
calcium= brick red
barium= apple green
copper= green
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3
Q

iron (II) and hydroxide ions test for metal ions

A

green gelatinous precipitate

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4
Q

iron (III) and hydroxide ions?

A

orange gelatinous precipitate

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5
Q

copper (II) and hydroxide ions?

A

pale blue gelatinous precipitate

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6
Q

lead (II) and iodide ions?

A

bright yellow precipitate

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7
Q

ammonium ions and hydroxide ions?

A

ammonia gas given off and smells. makes damp red litmus paper go blue

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8
Q

silver nitrate and chlorine?

A

white precipitate

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9
Q

silver nitrate and bromine?

A

cream precipitate

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10
Q

silver nitrate and iodine?

A

pale yellow precipitate

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11
Q

silver and hydroxide ions?

A

brown gelatinous precipitate

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12
Q

calcium and hydroxide ions?

A

white gelatinous precipitate

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13
Q

zinc (II) and hydroxide ions?

A

white then slowly colourless

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14
Q

aluminium (III) and hydroxide ions?

A

white then colourless

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15
Q

HCl and carbonates?

A

will fizz to give off carbon dioxide.

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16
Q

carbon dioxide test?

A

will turn limewater cloudy

17
Q

to identify a sulphate ion what do you do?

A

add HCl and barium chloride. white precipitate means a sulphate was originally made because the precipitate is barium sulphate.

18
Q

a test for hydroxide ions?

A

damp red litmus paper turns blue indicating an alkali

19
Q

how do you test for a nitrate?

A

warm with NaOH and aluminium foil. Al reduces nitrate ions to NH4+ ions. ammonium then reactis with NaOH to make NH3 and water. if ammonia is given off, then it smells and makes damp red litmus paper blue

20
Q

nitrate (V) react with Al to make an alkali giving off what?

A
  • add NaOH, aluminium foil, or devardas alloy
  • Al reduces nitrate ions to produce ammonia gas
  • smells and damp red litmus goes blue
21
Q

how can you visualise TLC stuff

A

iodine

florescence

22
Q

what is an indicator for a.a?

A

ninhydrin

23
Q

how can you tell that you have oxidised a primary alcohol?

A

the dichromate ions goes from orange to green to leave you with Cr(3+)

24
Q

test for an alkene?

A

add bromine water or bromine, will go from orange to colourless

25
Q

what is the Fehlings test?

A
  1. fehlings and sample
  2. water bath
  3. aldehyde = brick red precipitate
    ketone = nothing happens
    the red precipitate is copper (I) from the reduction of copper (II). the extra electron comes from the oxidation of the aldehyde to a carboxylate ion
26
Q

what is the tollens test?

A
  1. silver nitrate and NaOH make a brown precipitate
  2. add dilute ammonia solution until brown completely goes
  3. water bath
  4. add sample
  5. aldehyde = silver mirror
  6. ketone = nada
    diamminesilver ions reduced with electron comes from oxidation aldehyde to carboxylate ion. produces ammonia and silver