reactions and reagents Flashcards
benzene to chlorobenzene?
iron (III) chloride and chlorine
bromination?
iron (III) bromide and bromine
sulphonation?
c. sulphuric acid and reflux
alkylation?
AlCl3 and RCl and reflux
acylation?
AlCl3 and ROCl
benzene to nitrobenzene, nitrobenzene to aminobenzene?
- c. sulphuric acid, c. nitric acid and below 55c
2. Sn, c. HCl and reflux
benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol?
NaBr4
alkene to alkane?
Ni
hydrogen
5atm
alkene to a halgenoalkane
hydrogen halide
alkane to halgenoalkane?
halogen
sunlight
halgenoalkane to an amine
c. ammonia
heat
halgenoalkane to a nitrile
NaCN
reflux
ethanol
acyl chloride to a primary amide
c. ammonia
acyl chloride to a secondary amide
primary amine
acyl choride to an ester
alcohol
CA to an ester
alcohol
proton
reflux
ester to a CA
proton
reflux
CA to acyl chloride
reflux
SCl2O
primary alcohol to aldehyde
distil
acidified potassium dichromate ions
protons
aldehyde to carboxylic
reflux
dichromate ions
sulphuric acid
primary alcohol to alkene
aluminium oxide and 300c
primary alcohol to halgenoalkane
c. sulphuric acid
NaBr
reflux
halgenoalkane to primary alcohol
NaOH and reflux
acylation electrophile formation?
RCCOCl + AlCl3 –> RCO^+ + AlCl4^-
alkylation electrophile formation
RCl + AlCl3 –> R^+ + AlCl4^-
sulphonation electrophile formation?
H2SO4 <=> H20 + SO3 (E)
nitration electrophile formation?
HNO3 + 2H2SO4 –> NO2^+ + 2HSO4^- + H3O+
bromination electrophile formation
Br2 gets polarised by benzenes delocalised electrons
