testing for prac exam

Question 1

stress fracture/stress reaction

Answer 1

diffuse pain on palpation of bone

Question 2

fracture

Answer 2

focal tenderness/pain of the bone when palpating

Question 3

popliteal artery entrapment syndrome

Answer 3

find PT artery, get patient to plantarflex foot and if pulse decreases then PAES is suspected

Question 4

achilles tendinopathy

Answer 4

focal area of pain on tendon

Question 5

achilles rupture

Answer 5

thompson squeeze test

squeeze calf and foot should plantarflex as response

Question 6

tendinopathy

Answer 6

pain on palpation of tendon

Question 7

special tests for lateral ligaments

Answer 7

anterior drawer test of ankle

squeeze test for high ankle sprain- syndesmosis

Question 8

special test for peroneal tendon sublaxation

Answer 8

dorsiflexion and eversion and watch for peroneal tendon movement over the fibula or if it stays behind

Question 9

navicular stress fracture

Answer 9

N spot pressure point gives pain

Question 10

rehab for ankle sprain injury

Answer 10

1. ROM- alphabet
2. strengthening- resistance band all directions/body weight exercises
3. functional strength/proprioception/balance- balance board, balance beam, eyes open/closed, single leg, exercises etc
4. taping for support/proprioception during activities (prevention)

Question 11

MCL injury

Answer 11

Valgus stress test
at 0deg tests MCL, ACL, PCL, and other sturctures
at 30deg tests MCL, PCL

looking for gapping, pain and end feel

Question 12

ACL

Answer 12

lachmans - translate tibia anteriorly at 30deg flexion after externally rotation tibia slightly pulling tibia forward with one hand and down on femur

end feel or theres more than 3mm gapping than unaffected leg

lever sign- fist under calf and push down on quad
positive if heel doesnt come off the bench

anterior drawer test- sit on foot at 90deg flexion, explosively pull tibia forward with thumbs on joint line
positive if more then 6mm or soft end feel

Question 13

PCL

Answer 13

posterior sag sign
90 deg or holding heel at 90 knee and hip so gravity produces sag

active quadricep- holding hammy into 90 deg hip flexion and patient extends leg

posterior draw test

Question 14

meniscus

Answer 14

thessaly- uninjured leg first, flexed at 20 deg rotate side to side 3 times on each side
positive if pain

mcmurrays test

Question 15

lateral knee stabilisers (LCL, popliteal tnedon, popliteal fibula ligament

PLC injuries

Answer 15

dial test- at 30deg and 90deg, ankles dorsiflexed and rotated out

looking for 10deg difference between the two

if theres greaater than 10 on one limb at both 30 and 90 than a PLC AND PCL injury suspected

if theres greater than 10 on one limb at 30 but no 90 than PLC is suspected as a PCL will restrict it at 90

varus stress test - at 0 and 30 internall rotate tibia and pressure on lateral lig

Question 16

adductor groin pain tests

Answer 16

passive adductor stretch
squeeze test at 0 and hip 45/knee 90
resisted adduction outer range

Question 17

GTPS

Answer 17

palpation
single leg stand test - holding for30s with finger on wall should reproduce pain
FADER-R : supine, 90 deg knee and hip, adduction of the hip and external rotation of tibia, add resistance
ADD-R

Question 18

hamstring tendinopathy

Answer 18

maximum hip flexion and active knee extension

single leg foot elevated bridge

resisted flexion

Question 19

syndesmosis- ankle

Answer 19

squeeze test

external rotation- knee hanging off table at 90deg, ankle in max dorsiflexion, external rotation

Question 20

testing for rectus femoris

Answer 20

thomas test/modified thomas test

resisted knee extension sitting or supine

Question 21

tests for patella femoral joint pain or dislocation/pain

Answer 21

patella glides

Question 22

test for spondylosis

Answer 22

single leg lumber extension

Question 23

test for neural back pain

Answer 23

slump test (distal or proximal initiation)
passive straight leg raise

Question 24

facet joint test

Answer 24

lumbar quadrant

back extension while holding shoulders
lateral crunch and rotation and hold for 3 seconds