Testing Flashcards
Test for lithium
- clean platinum wire loop, dipped in HCL and held in a flame until no colour
- dip in sample, put in flame and see colour
CRIMSON
Test for Fe2+
- add sodium hydroxide, a colour precipitate is obtained
GREEN
Test for chloride
- add nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution
WHITE
Test for ammonium ions
Add sodium hydroxide is, if ammonia is given off ammonium ions are present
RED LITMUS-> BLUE
Test for sodium
- clean platinum wire loop, dipped in HCL and held in a flame until no colour
- dip in sample, put in flame and see colour
ORANGE
Test for Cu2+
- add sodium hydroxide, a colour precipitate is obtained
BLUE
Test for potassium
- clean platinum wire loop, dipped in HCL and held in a flame until no colour
- dip in sample, put in flame and see colour
LILAC
Test for sulphate
- Add dilute HCL + barium chloride
- White precipitative is formed
Test for calcium
- clean platinum wire loop, dipped in HCL and held in a flame until no colour
- dip in sample, put in flame and see colour
BRICK RED
Test for Fe3+
- add sodium hydroxide, a colour precipitate is obtained
BROWN
Test for Bromide
- add nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution
CREAM
Test for carbonate
- add dilute HCL
- if CO2 is given off, carbonate is present
Test for iodide
- add nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution
YELLOW
Test for chlorine gas
Bleaches damp litmus paper white
Test for oxygen
Relights glowing splint
Test for CO2
Turns limewater cloudy
Test for hydrogen
Add lighted splint, squeaky pop is heard
Test for Ammonia
Turns red litmus blue
Test for water
• Add anhydrous copper (II) sulfate to water and it should turn from white to blue
Physical/purity test
• pure water will always: boil at 100 c, freeze at 0 c
Testing for carbon-carbon double bonds (alkenes)
- add bromine water
- alkenes eg but-1-ene would go from Orange to colourless
- alkanes would have no colour change unless UV light is present
