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test2 Flashcards

1
Q

Supinator Muscle

A

A: supination of forearm
O: lateral condyloid ridge of humerus/posterior part of ulna
N: Radial Nerve

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2
Q

Pronator Teres

A

A: Pronate forearm / weak flexion of elbow
O: medial condyloid ridge of humerus/ medial side of ulna
N: Median Nerve

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3
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

A: Pronate forearm
O: Distal 1/4th of ulna
N: Median Nerve

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4
Q

Elbow and Radioulna muscles

A 
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Pronator teres
Pronator Quadratus
Supinator
Triceps
Anconeus
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5
Q

brachioradialis

A

O: epicondyle of humerus
A: elbow flexion, supinates and pronates from the mid-position
N: Radial

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6
Q

biceps brachii

A

O: scapula
A: elbow flexion, forearm supination
N: musculocutaneous

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7
Q

Brachialis

A

O: distal half of humerus
A: elbow flexion
N: musculocutaneous

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8
Q

Elbow Joint

A

articulation of humerus with the ulna and radius
Hinge joint
Only motions are flexion and extension
The olecranon process which fits into the olecranon fossa of the humerus blocks hyperextension.
Range of Motion: 0 -145 degrees.

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9
Q

Triceps brachii

A

O: scapula
A: elbow extension, a weak shoulder extensor
N: radial

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10
Q

Musculocutaneous Nerve

A

Biceps Brachii

Brachialis

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11
Q

Median Nerve

A

Pronator Teres

Pronator Quadratus

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12
Q

Radial Nerve

A

Triceps brachii
Supinator
Ancoueus
brachioradialis

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13
Q

Radio-carpal Joint

A

distal end of the radius and the proximal row of carpal bones. These bones are the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum.
Condyloid joint
Gliding motion

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14
Q

Mid-carpal Joint

A

Between the 2 rows of carpals.
Plane joint
Gliding motion

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15
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

wrist flexion/ular deviation

Innervated by the ulnar nerve

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16
Q

Palmaris Longus

A

wrist flexion
innervated by median nerve
12% of the population is missing this muscle

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17
Q

Wrist Extensors

A 
Extensor carpi radialis longus 
Extensor carpi radialis brevis 
Extensor carpi ulnaris 
All are innervated by the radial nerve
Origin of these muscles is the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.
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18
Q

Wrist Flexors

A

Flexor Carpi Radialis- med
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris- uln
Palmaris Longus- med
All origin medial epicondyle of humerus

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19
Q

Anconeus Muscle

A

A : Elbow Extension
O: posterior surface of the lateral condyle of the humerus
N: Radial Nerve

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20
Q

Arches of the hand

A

When relaxed – the palm assumes a cupped position. There are 3 arches responsible for this.
Proximal carpal arch ,distal carpal arch and the longitudinal arch. – These arches contribute to the various grasps of the hand.

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21
Q

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A

wrist flexion/radial deviation

Innervated by the median nerve

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22
Q

Carpo-metacarpal Joint ( CMC)

A

The distal row of the carpals articulate with the proximal metacarpal
helps shape hand
No motion at 2nd and 3rd CMC
Motion at the 4th and 5th CMC joints allow cupping of the hand and tight grip
Provides more stability than mobility

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23
Q

Proximal Interphalangeal Joint( PIP)

A

The base of the head of the proximal phalanx and the base of the middle phalanx form this joint.
Hinge Joint
Flexion and Extension

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24
Q

Distal Interphalangeal Joint( DIP)

A

The head of the middle phalanx and the base of the distal phalanx compose this joint.
Movement : Hinge Joint
Flexion , Extension

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25
The Thumb
referred to as digit #1 3 joints are : Carpo-metacarpal joint, CMC, metacarpal-phalangeal (MCP) joint and the the interphalangeal joint ( IP) joint
26
Motions of the thumb
Flexion, Extension, abduction and adduction | Opposition – the pad of the thumb makes contact with the pads of each digit
27
Muscles of thumb Flexion
Flexor pollicis brevis-(CMC and MCP /Median Nerve | Flexor pollicis longus- (CMC,MCP,IP) Med Nerve
28
Muscles of Thumb Extension
Extensor pollicis brevis - (CMC and MCP) Radial Nerve | Extensor pollicis longus – (CMC, MCP, IP Radial Nerve
29
Muscles of Thumb Abduction
Abductor pollicis brevis (abducts CMC ) median nerve | Abductor pollicis longus ( Abducts CMC) – Radial Nerve
30
Muscles of Thumb Adduction
Adductor Pollicis (CMC joint) –ulnar nerve
31
Muscles of Thumb Opposition
Opponens pollicis (opposes @ CMC jt.) – Median N.
32
Intrinsic Muscles of the hand
Both the origin and insertion of these muscles are in the wrist/hand. These are small muscles that allow us to perform fine motor movements Thenar muscles Hypothenar muscles Adductor pollicis Interossei Lumbricales
33
Split Innervation
1 Flexor Digitorum Profundus | 2 Lumbricales
34
Radioulnar Joint
Formed by the articulation between the radius and the ulna. They articulate both proximally and distally Pivot Joint Motions: Supination/Pronation The radius moves around the ulnar.
35
Hypothenar eminence
Flexor digiti minimi Abductor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi All are innervated by the ulnar nerve
36
Thenar eminence
Abductor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Flexor pollicis brevis All are innervated by the median nerve
37
Interossei
``` Muscles between the bones. O: between the metacarpals I: proximal phalanx(es) Dorsal (4): abduct the fingers (DAB) Palmar (3): adduct the fingers (PAD) Ulnar N. ```
38
Lumbricles
O: flexor digitorum profundus I: extensor digitorum of respective finger. They flex the MCP joint and extend the PIP joints. Split innervation: index/middle:median n. Ring/little : ulnar nerve
39
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Flexes the MCP and PIP of fingers – Median N.
40
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
``` Flexes all 3 joints of fingers split innervation (median –digits 2 and 3, ulnar n goes to digits 4 and 5. ```
41
Extensor digitorum
extends all 3 joints of the fingers – radial nerve
42
Extensor Indicis
extends the 3 joints of the index finger – radial nerve
43
Power Grip
an object is held forcefully while being moved about by more proximal joint muscles. ( holding a hammer/door knob)
44
Precision Grip
an object must be manipulated in a “finer type of movement”.
45
Prehension
using the hands for grasping, holding, and manipulating objects
46
Cylindrical (Power Grip)
all fingers are flexed around an object and the thumb is wrapped around the object in the opposite directions. (Examples: holding a hammer or a wheelbarrow
47
Spherical Grasp (Power Grip)
often involves the palm of the hand in which all fingers and thumb are abducted. ( Examples: holding a ball, apple)
48
Hook Grip (Power Grip)
involves the 2nd -5th – fingers PIP and DIPs flexed around an object. (handle of a briefcase)
49
Pincer Grasp (Precision Grasp)
finger tips press against each other. (tip to tip)
50
Tripod (three-jaw chuck) (Precision Grasp)
thumb and 2 fingers (index and middle finger) pencil
51
Lateral Grip (Precision Grasp)
( pad to side of finger ) – holding a key (thumb and side of index finger)
52
Pinch Grip (Precision Grasp)
thumb and index finger
53
Lumbrical Grip (Precision Grasp)
plate grip ( object held in horizontal position.
54
Metacarpo-phalangeal Joint: ( MCP)
2-5 Movement : flexion/extension, abduction/adduction. Knucles
55
Brachial plexus
A nerve plexus originating from the ventral branches of the last four cervical (C5-C8) and first thoracic spinal nerves. The brachial plexus gives off the principle nerves that serve the shoulder, chest, and arm
56
Axillary Nerve (BP)
C5,C6 SD: Lateral arm over lower portion of deltiod MF: loss of shoulder ABD, weakened shoulder lateral rotation
57
Musculocutaneous Nerve (BP)
C5,C6 SD: anterior lateral surface of forearm MF: loss of elbow flexion, weakened supination
58
Radial Nerve (BP)
C6-C8,T1 SD: post arm, post forearm, and radial side of post hand MF: loss of elbow, wrist, finger, and thumb extension (wrist drop)
59
Median Nerve (BP)
C6-C8, T1 SD: palmar aspect of thumb, 2nd, 3rd, 4th fingers MF: loss of forearm pronation. loss of thumb oppos, flexion and ABD, weakened wrist flexors, weakened radial deviation. weakened 2nd and 3rd finger flexion
60
Ulnar Nerve (BP)
C8, T1 SD: 4th and 5th finger MF: loss of ulnar deviation. weakened wrist, finger flexion. loss of thumb ADD. loss of most intrinsics (claw hand)

OTA 206 (3 decks)

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