Test1 Reading2

Question 1

Administrate

Answer 1

اجرا کردن
تنبیه کردن
A shock was to be administrated

Question 2

Groan

Answer 2

Long deep moan

Question 3

Writhing

Answer 3

Move body violently because of pain

Question 4

Assortment

Answer 4

Mixture

Question 5

Expletives

Answer 5

Oath

Question 6

Denounc

Answer 6

متهم کردن
a spectrum of groans, screams and writhings together with an assortment of statements and expletives denouncing the experiment.

Question 7

Unfold

Answer 7

Develope

As the experiment unfolded…

Question 8

Balke

Answer 8

امتناع کردن

Many of the teachers balked at administrating the higher levels of punishment

Question 9

In the sake of

Answer 9

If the subject was reluctant to proceed Milgram said that it was imp. for the sake of the experiment.

Question 10

Revulsion

Answer 10

Disgust

Revulsion against the rules

Question 11

Consensus

Answer 11

An opinion everyone in the group agree or accept

Question 12

Virtually

Answer 12

Almost

The overwhelming consensus was that virtually all the teachers would refuse to obey the experimenter.

Question 13

Lunatic

Answer 13

روانی

Question 14

Fringe
Lunatic
Lunatic fringe

Answer 14

اقلیت
روانی
تندرویان
Only a lunatic fringe of 1 in 1000 would give the highest shock of 450 volts.

Question 15

Discrepancy

Answer 15

اختلاف

How can we possibly account for this vast discrepancy between what people predict and what teachers do

Question 16

Flustered

Answer 16

Confused and nervous

What pressured flustered but cooperative teachers do

Question 17

Inclination

Answer 17

Tendency

Ones first inclination might be to argue that there must be some sort of …

Question 18

Built-in

Answer 18

Built-in animal aggression instinct

جدانشدنی

Question 19

Pent-up

Answer 19

فروخورده

Question 20

Evolve

Answer 20

Develope gradually
A modern sociobiologist might even go so far as to claim that this aggressive instinct evolved as an advantageous trait, having been of survival value to our ancestors in their struggle against the hardship of life.

Question 21

Ultimately

Answer 21

Finally

Question 22

Pursuit

Answer 22

(N)
دنبال کردن
Pursue: chase, follow
The pursuit of scientific truth

Question 23

Legitimecy

Answer 23

حقانیت

The laboratory has a strong claim to legitimacy.

Question 24

Evoke

Answer 24

Recall a feeling to the conscious mind

The laboratory evokes trust and confidence in those who perform there

Question 25

Surrender

Answer 25

تسلیم کردن
The subject merges his personality with that of larger institutional structures, surrendering individual properties to the service of malevolent systems of authority

Question 26

Malevolent

Answer 26

بدخواه

Question 27

Forgo

Answer 27

چشمپوشی
Why so many teachers were willing to forgo their sense of personal responsibility for the sake of an institutional authority figure

Question 28

Elucidate

Answer 28

روشن ساختن

Elucidating the biological basis of all behaviour