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Biochemistry > Test1 Prep B > Flashcards

Test1 Prep B Flashcards

1
Q

These are stereoisomers that are non-mirror-image isomers? {{ ______ }}

A

These are stereoisomers that are non-mirror-image isomers? [[diastereoisomers]]

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2
Q

{{ ______ }} differ only in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space

A

[[Stereoisomers]] differ only in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space

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3
Q

If a molecule is {{ ______ }} then we know that the molecule has two enantiomeric forms.

A

If a molecule is [[chiral]] then we know that the molecule has two enantiomeric forms.

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4
Q

These are compounds that have the same connections but different spatial arrangements of atoms? {{ ______ }}

A

These are compounds that have the same connections but different spatial arrangements of atoms? [[Stereoisomers]]

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5
Q

stereoisomers can be either {{ ______ }} or {{ ______ }}.

A

stereoisomers can be either [[diastereoisomers]] or [[enantiomers]].

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6
Q

These are compounds with different connections between atoms? {{ ______ }}

A

These are compounds with different connections between atoms? [[constitutional isomers]]

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7
Q

Isomers can be either {{ ______ }} or {{ ______ }}.

A

Isomers can be either [[constitutional]] or [[stereoisomers]].

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8
Q

In this type of isomer, both the like groups are on the opposite side of the plane? {{ ______ }}

A

In this type of isomer, both the like groups are on the opposite side of the plane? [[trans isomer]]

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9
Q

These are stereoisomers that are mirror-image isomers? {{ ______ }}

A

These are stereoisomers that are mirror-image isomers? [[enantiomers]]

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10
Q

In this type of isomer, both the like groups are on the same side of the plane? {{ ______ }}

A

In this type of isomer, both the like groups are on the same side of the plane? [[cis isomer]]

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11
Q

Diastereomers need to have at least {{ ______ }}.

A

Diastereomers need to have at least [[2 chiral centers]].

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12
Q

In E-Z isomerism, the E means {{ ______ }}.

A

In E-Z isomerism, the E means [[Entgegen]].

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13
Q

{{ ______ }}: SUPERIMPOSABLE, HAVE MIRROR IMAGES

A

[[Meso Compounds]]: SUPERIMPOSABLE, HAVE MIRROR IMAGES

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14
Q

{{ ______ }}: SUPERIMPOSABLE, NO MIRROR IMAGES

A

[[Same Compound]]: SUPERIMPOSABLE, NO MIRROR IMAGES

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15
Q

{{ ______ }} has at least 2 chiral centers that are equal and opposite. Like having a mirror within the molecule.

A

[[A meso compound]] has at least 2 chiral centers that are equal and opposite. Like having a mirror within the molecule.

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16
Q

Do meso compounds rotate polarized light? {{ ______ }}

A

Do meso compounds rotate polarized light? [[NO]]

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17
Q

{{ ______ }}: NOT SUPERIMPOSABLE, HAVE MIRROR IMAGES

A

[[Enantiomers]]: NOT SUPERIMPOSABLE, HAVE MIRROR IMAGES

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18
Q

{{ ______ }}: NOT SUPERIMPOSABLE, NO MIRROR IMAGES

A

[[Diastereomers]]: NOT SUPERIMPOSABLE, NO MIRROR IMAGES

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19
Q

A meso compound is a {{ ACHIRAL / CHIRAL }} molecule.

A

A meso compound is a [[achiral]] molecule.

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20
Q

In E-Z isomerism, the Z means {{ ______ }}.

A

In E-Z isomerism, the Z means [[Zusammen]].

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21
Q

Pairs of enantiomers are discriminated by the labels {{ ______ }} & {{ ______ }}.

A

Pairs of enantiomers are discriminated by the labels [[S]] & [[R]].

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22
Q

The 2 forms of a chiral molecule are called {{ ______ }}.

A

The 2 forms of a chiral molecule are called [[enantiomers]].

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23
Q

Markovnikov’s rule predicts that H adds to the carbon with the greater number of {{ ______ }}

A

Markovnikov’s rule predicts that H adds to the carbon with the greater number of [[hydrogens]]

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24
Q

Oxonium ion is {{ ______ }}

A

Oxonium ion is [[an ion in which oxygen is bonded to three other atoms and bears a positive charge]]

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25
Dehydration is {{ ______ }}.
Dehydration is [[Elimination of a molecule of water from an alcohol]].
26
A racemic mixture is composed of equal amounts of dextrorotatory & levorotatory {{ ______ }}.
A racemic mixture is composed of equal amounts of dextrorotatory & levorotatory [[enantiomers]].
27
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 14 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 14 is [[tetradec]]
28
We can convert an alcohol to an {{ ______ }} by eliminating a molecule of wa- ter from adjacent carbon atoms in a reaction called dehydration.
We can convert an alcohol to an [[alkene]] by eliminating a molecule of wa- ter from adjacent carbon atoms in a reaction called dehydration.
29
{{ ______ }} isomerism, which is the related absolute stereochemical description, only to be used with alkenes.
[[E/Z]] isomerism, which is the related absolute stereochemical description, only to be used with alkenes.
30
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 13 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 13 is [[tridec]]
31
{{ ______ }} are also known as alkyl halides.
[[Haloalkanes]] are also known as alkyl halides.
32
Addition of {{ ______ }} is called either Reduction or Hydrogenation.
Addition of [[Hydrogen]] is called either Reduction or Hydrogenation.
33
We can convert an alcohol to an alkene by eliminating a molecule of wa- ter from adjacent carbon atoms in a reaction called {{ ______ }}.
We can convert an alcohol to an alkene by eliminating a molecule of wa- ter from adjacent carbon atoms in a reaction called [[dehydration]].
34
A racemic mixture is composed of equal amounts of {{ ______ }} & levorotatory enantiomers.
A racemic mixture is composed of equal amounts of [[dextrorotatory]] & levorotatory enantiomers.
35
{{ ______ }}: In the addition of HX (where X 5 halogen) to an alkene, hydrogen adds to the doubly bonded carbon that already has the greater number of hydrogens bonded to it; halogen adds to the other carbon.
[[Markovnikov’s rule]]: In the addition of HX (where X 5 halogen) to an alkene, hydrogen adds to the doubly bonded carbon that already has the greater number of hydrogens bonded to it; halogen adds to the other carbon.
36
Which is easier for acid-catalyzed dehydration, removal of a primary alcohol or a tertiary alcohol? {{ ______ }}
Which is easier for acid-catalyzed dehydration, removal of a primary alcohol or a tertiary alcohol? [[tertiary alcohol]]
37
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 17 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 17 is [[heptadec]]
38
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 12 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 12 is [[dodec]]
39
Addition of bromine is a useful qualitative test for the presence of an alkene. If we dissolve it in carbon tetrachloride, the solution is red. In contrast, alkenes and {{ ______ }} are colorless.
Addition of bromine is a useful qualitative test for the presence of an alkene. If we dissolve it in carbon tetrachloride, the solution is red. In contrast, alkenes and [[dibromoalkanes]] are colorless.
40
Addition of {{ ______ }} is a useful qualitative test for the presence of an alkene. If we dissolve it in carbon tetrachloride, the solution is red. In contrast, alkenes and dibromoalkanes are colorless.
Addition of [[bromine]] is a useful qualitative test for the presence of an alkene. If we dissolve it in carbon tetrachloride, the solution is red. In contrast, alkenes and dibromoalkanes are colorless.
41
constitutional isomers are also called what? {{ ______ }}
constitutional isomers are also called what? [[structural isomers]]
42
Geometric Isomers are also known as {{ ______ }} isomers.
Geometric Isomers are also known as [[cis-trans]] isomers.
43
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 18 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 18 is [[octadec]]
44
If you have 2 ring structures with 2 substituents, 1 ring is cis and the other ring is trans? What is the relationship? {{ ______ }}
If you have 2 ring structures with 2 substituents, 1 ring is cis and the other ring is trans? What is the relationship? [[They are diastereomers.]]
45
{{ ______ }} is Elimination of a molecule of water from an alcohol.
[[Dehydration]] is Elimination of a molecule of water from an alcohol.
46
the conversion of an alkene to an alkane involves reduction by hydrogen in the presence of {{ ______ }}.
the conversion of an alkene to an alkane involves reduction by hydrogen in the presence of [[a catalyst]].
47
The maximum number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule is {{ ______ }}.
The maximum number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule is [[2^(number of stereocenters)]].
48
Addition of Hydrogen is called either Reduction or {{ ______ }}.
Addition of Hydrogen is called either Reduction or [[Hydrogenation]].
49
DextroRotatory is designated by "{{ ______ }}".
DextroRotatory is designated by "[[(+)]]".
50
structural isomers are also called what? {{ ______ }}
structural isomers are also called what? [[constitutional isomers]]
51
{{ ______ }} Isomers are also known as cis-trans isomers.
[[Geometric]] Isomers are also known as cis-trans isomers.
52
A carbocation is an {{ electrophile / nucleophile }}.
A carbocation is an [[electrophile]].
53
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 16 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 16 is [[nexadec]]
54
A {{ ______ }} mixture is composed of equal amounts of dextrorotatory & levorotatory enantiomers.
A [[racemic]] mixture is composed of equal amounts of dextrorotatory & levorotatory enantiomers.
55
{{ ______ }} is designated by "(-)".
[[LevoRotatory]] is designated by "(-)".
56
{{ ______ }} strain represent atoms being forced to occupy the same space, which results in a destabilization of the molecule
[[Steric]] strain represent atoms being forced to occupy the same space, which results in a destabilization of the molecule
57
C6 H14 has how many degrees of Unsaturation? Don't use the equation. {{ ______ }}
C6 H14 has how many degrees of Unsaturation? Don't use the equation. [[ZERO]]
58
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 11 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 11 is [[undec]]
59
"cyclic" is pronounced {{ ______ }}
"cyclic" is pronounced [[Psych Lick]]
60
Addition of bromine is a useful qualitative test for the presence of an alkene. If we dissolve it in carbon tetrachloride, the solution is red. In contrast, {{ ______ }} and dibromoalkanes are colorless.
Addition of bromine is a useful qualitative test for the presence of an alkene. If we dissolve it in carbon tetrachloride, the solution is red. In contrast, [[alkenes]] and dibromoalkanes are colorless.
61
LevoRotatory is designated by "{{ ______ }}".
LevoRotatory is designated by "[[(-)]]".
62
Haloalkanes are also known as {{ ______ }}.
Haloalkanes are also known as [[alkyl halides]].
63
{{ ______ }} is designated by "(+)".
[[DextroRotatory]] is designated by "(+)".
64
{{ ______ }} is an ion in which oxygen is bonded to three other atoms and bears a positive charge
[[Oxonium ion]] is an ion in which oxygen is bonded to three other atoms and bears a positive charge
65
Addition of Hydrogen is called either {{ ______ }} or Hydrogenation.
Addition of Hydrogen is called either [[Reduction]] or Hydrogenation.
66
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 20 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 20 is [[eicos]]
67
Markovnikov’s rule: {{ ______ }}.
Markovnikov’s rule: [[In the addition of HX (where X 5 halogen) to an alkene, hydrogen adds to the doubly bonded carbon that already has the greater number of hydrogens bonded to it; halogen adds to the other carbon]].
68
{{ ______ }} isomerism (also known as cis-trans isomerism or E-Z isomerism) is a form of stereoisomerism.
[[Geometric]] isomerism (also known as cis-trans isomerism or E-Z isomerism) is a form of stereoisomerism.
69
We can convert an {{ ______ }} to an alkene by eliminating a molecule of wa- ter from adjacent carbon atoms in a reaction called dehydration.
We can convert an [[alcohol]] to an alkene by eliminating a molecule of wa- ter from adjacent carbon atoms in a reaction called dehydration.
70
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 15 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 15 is [[pentadec]]
71
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 19 is {{ ______ }}
Nomenclature: Number of carbons: 19 is [[nonadec]]
72
Which is more stable? R-Br or R-Cl. {{ ______ }}
Which is more stable? R-Br or R-Cl. [[R-Br is more stable, since Cl is more reactive, it's more likely to run off.]]
73
A racemic mixture is composed of equal amounts of dextrorotatory & {{ ______ }} enantiomers.
A racemic mixture is composed of equal amounts of dextrorotatory & [[levorotatory]] enantiomers.

Biochemistry (5 decks)

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