Test1

Question 0

Animals store glucose in a form of polysaccharides called

Answer 0

Glycogen

Question 1

4 major macromolecules

Answer 1

Carbs, lipids, DNA, proteins

Question 2

Plants store glucose in a form of polysaccharides known as

Answer 2

Starch

Question 3

Unsaturated fats

Answer 3

Contain double bonds; don’t pack tightly; good fats; liquid at room temp; major source: plants

Question 4

Saturated fats

Answer 4

Lack double bonds; chains pack tightly; solid at room temp; bad fats

Question 5

Trans fats

Answer 5

Add hydrogen to vegetable oils; bad!

Question 6

Hydrophobic tails

Answer 6

Tails face inward; hate water; non polar

Question 7

Hydrophilic heads

Answer 7

Heads love water; polar; face outward

Question 8

How many amino acids are there?

Answer 8

20

Question 9

What do amino acids consist of?

Answer 9

Amino group, carboxyl group & a different R group

Question 10

How are amino acids released from the polypeptide chain

Answer 10

A water molecule is consumed (hydrolysis)

Question 11

Primary protein structure

Answer 11

Linear amino acid sequence; peptide/covalent bonds

Question 12

Secondary amino acid structure

Answer 12

Hydrogen bonding b/t atoms of the polypeptide backbone

Question 13

Tertiary protein structure

Answer 13

3D formed by interactions between R groups; ionic, hydrogen, covalent bonds

Question 14

Quarternary protein structure

Answer 14

Multiple polypeptides; all types of bonds

Question 15

Monomers of DNA

Answer 15

ATCG

Question 16

Monomers of RNA

Answer 16

AUCG

Question 17

Osmosis

Answer 17

Movement of water across a membrane from high to low concentration

Question 18

Diffusion

Answer 18

Movement of particles across a membrane from high to low concentration

Question 19

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 19

Diffusion that requires transport proteins (ex. Glucose & other polar molecules)

Question 20

Active transport

Answer 20

Movement across a membrane from low to high concentration; requires ATP

Question 21

process of exporting bulky material such as proteins or polysaccharides

Answer 21

exocytosis

Question 22

transport process in which a cell takes in large molecules

Answer 22

endocytosis

Question 23

Cellular eating

Answer 23

phagocytosis

Question 24

cellular drinking

Answer 24

pinocytosis

Question 25

highly selective process in which receptor proteins for specific molecules are embedded in regions of the membrane that are lined by a layer of coat proteins

Answer 25

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 26

tonicity

Answer 26

the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water

Question 27

isotonic

Answer 27

solute concentration of a cell and its environment are equal

Question 28

hypotonic solution

Answer 28

a solution with a solute concentration lower than that of the cell; cell gains water & lyses (burst)

Question 29

Hypertonic solution

Answer 29

a solution with a higher solute concentration; cell shrivels and can die from water loss

Question 30

osmoregulation

Answer 30

control of water balance

Question 31

Glucose is _______ during cellular respiration

Answer 31

oxidized

Question 32

Oxygen is __________ during cellular respiration

Answer 32

reduced

Question 33

Input of glycolysis

Answer 33

Glucose (6-carbons), NAD, ADP

Question 34

Output of glycolysis

Answer 34

ATP, NADH, 2 pyruvate(3-carbons each)

Question 35

Input of pyruvate oxidation

Answer 35

Pyruvate, NAD,ADP

Question 36

Output of pyruvate oxidation

Answer 36

NADH, Acetyl CoA, CO2

Question 37

Input of Citric Acid Cycle

Answer 37

Acetyl CoA, ADP, NAD, FAD

Question 38

Output of Citric Acid Cycle

Answer 38

NADH, FADH, ATP, CO2

Question 39

Input of oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 39

ADP, NADH, FADH2, O2

Question 40

Output of oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 40

ATP, H2O, NAD, FAD