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Biology > Test : What Is Alive > Flashcards

Test : What Is Alive Flashcards

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1
Q

What is experimental validity?

A

Results accurately describe the real world

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2
Q

What is experimental reliability?

A

An experiment in which another researcher can preform the same test and get the same results

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3
Q

What are the steps in experimental design?

A
  1. Identify the problem
  2. Hypothesis
  3. Design the procedure to be used to text hypothesis
  4. Carry out the experimental procedure
  5. Analyze the data / observations
  6. Draw conclusions
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4
Q

Two important characteristics in identifying the problem?

A

Specific and measurable

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5
Q

What two factors are included in a hypothesis/what is a hypothesis?

A

DEF : A clear prediction of the anticipated results

Two factors within : Dependent and independent variable

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6
Q

What is an independent variable?

A

It is varied / manipulated by the research

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7
Q

What is a dependent variable?

A

Not manipulated by the researcher, but measured and observed for variations

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8
Q

What is the purpose of a control group?

A

They are untreated
The independent variable is not applied
Serves as a standard comparison group against the experimental group

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9
Q

What is a positive control?

A

Expected to have a positive result

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10
Q

What is a negative control?

A

Has a negative outcome

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11
Q

Characteristics of being ALIVE

A
  1. Cells
  2. Homeostasis
  3. DNA / RNA
  4. Reproduction
  5. Have to take in energy / nutrients
  6. Growth
  7. Responds to environment (stimuli)
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12
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

When something maintains constant conditions

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13
Q

Induction vs deduction : definitions

A

Induction : General to specific

Deduction : Specific to general

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14
Q

What is an experiment?

A

A research study conducted to determine the effect that one variable has upon another variable by maximizing control over as many aspects of the environment.

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15
Q

What is a immunological reaction?

A

Blood clumping that occurs when the receiver of a blood transfusion has antibodies against the donor blood cells

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16
Q

Karl Landsteiner’s Significance

A

Made it possible to determine Blood Types and improve transfusion safety
Won the Nobel prize

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17
Q

Red Blood Cells

A 
Contains proteins (hemoglobin) that bind oxygen and transport it and remove carbon dioxide from tissues
Covered in proteins (antigens) that help signal when there is an invading organism in the blood stream and signal white blood cells to fight the invader
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18
Q

White Blood Cells

A

Help to fight infections

19
Q

The platelets

A

Help the blood to clot (occurs when we get wound so we don’t bleed out)

20
Q

The Plasma

A

Contains salt and various kinds of protein

21
Q

What are the different blood types?

A

The difference in human blood types are due to the presence of a sense of certain antigens
The antigens are located on the surface of the red blood cells
Individuals have different combinations of these molecules
Blood group depends on what you have inherited from your parents

22
Q

How many blood types are there?

A

20

23
Q

Types of blood types :

A

A, B, AB or O(nothing)

24
Q

What is biology?

A

The study of living organisms, divided into many specialized fields

25
Q

What are some characteristics of a good scientific question?

A

Has real answers
Testable
Has a hypothesis

26
Q

What is the safety equipment in the classroom?

A 
Safety shower
Eyewash (located on the sink)
Fire extinguisher
Fire blanket
Emergency gas shutoff
Eye goggles
Gloves
27
Q

What is blood compisition?

A

Chemical composition of blood

28
Q

What are antigens?

A

A toxin or foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies
Located on the surface of RBC

29
Q

What are antibodies?

A

A blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen
Combine chemically with substances that the body doesn’t recognize (invaders)
Located in the Plasma

30
Q

What is agglutination?

A

Clumping of particles

31
Q

Type A Blood

A

‘A’ antigens on the surface of your Red Blood Cells

‘B’ antibodies in your plasma

32
Q

Type B Blood

A

‘B’ antigens on the surface of your Red Blood Cells

‘A’ antibodies in your plasma

33
Q

Type AB Blood

A

Both ‘A’ and ‘B’ antigens on the surface of your Red Blood Cells
No antibodies

34
Q

Type O Blood

A

No antigens

‘A’ and ‘B’ antibodies in your plasma

35
Q

What is an Rh factor?

A

A type of protein on the surface of Red Blood Cells

36
Q

What is blood typing?

A

A method to tell what specific type of blood you have

37
Q

What is a tranfusion?

A

The process of receiving blood products into your circulation or system

38
Q

What is a metabolism?

A

The chemical process that occurs within a living organism in order to maintain life

39
Q

What is DNA

A

A self replication material present in nearly all living things as the main consistent of chromosomes
Carrier of genetic information

40
Q

What is a cell

A

A microscopic structure that makes up all living and nonliving things

41
Q

What is evolution?

A

The gradual development of something, especially from a simple more complex form

42
Q

What is Reproduction?

A

The production of offspring by sexual or asexual

43
Q

What is growth/development

A

The act or process, or a manner of growing; gradual increase

Biology (5 decks)

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