Test Week 3 Flashcards
1
Q
CONSILIENCE
A
- The linking together of principles from different disciplines especially when forming a comprehensive theory
- Pieces of evidence that may tie together to support a conclusion whose total credibility is then greater than that given by any individual piece of evidence
2
Q
EMPIRICISM
A
- The view that all concepts originate in experience, that all concepts are about or applicable to things that can be experienced, or that all rationally acceptable beliefs or propositions are justifiable or knowable only through experience
3
Q
DUALISM
A
- The use of two irreducible, heterogeneous principles (sometimes in conflict, sometimes complementary) to analyze the knowing process (epistemological dualism) or to explain all of reality or some broad aspect of it (metaphysical dualism)
4
Q
DIALECTIC
A
- The process of reasoning to obtain truth and knowledge on any topic
5
Q
PREMISE
A
- One of the propositions from which together the conclusion is derived
- A suppressed premise is one that is in fact necessary for the conclusion for the conclusion to follow, but is not explicitly satisfied
6
Q
FALLACY
A
- Any error of reasoning
- Formal fallacies are in which something purports to be deductively valid reasoning but is not
- Informal fallacies in which some other mistake is made
- These may include the introduction of irrelevancies, failure to disambiguate terms, vagueness, misplaced precision
7
Q
INFERENCE
A
- Process of moving from one acceptance of some propositions, to acceptance of others
- A proposition upon which an argument is based or from which a conclusion is drawn.
8
Q
PERSONHOOD PYSCH
A
- A conscious or rational being
9
Q
PERSONHOOD BIO
A
- A human being
10
Q
PERSONHOOD LEGAL
A
- Having certain rights and duties
11
Q
REASONING
A
- Process of drawing a conclusion from a set of premises
- Process of drawing logical inferences
12
Q
NARRATIVE
A
- Standard form for novels, films, TV dramas, histories and conversations
- Describe, portray actions in time
- Obtain chronology
- Although sequential, they are also internally connected and when viewed as a whole make up a plot in fiction and history
13
Q
EXPLANATION
A
- Easily confused with argument
- We already accept the truth of the statement, but we try to say how it is that it came about
- REASON/CAUSE THEN ACCEPTED FACT
14
Q
DESCRIPTION
A
- Gives one or more information about a particular topic eg. facts
15
Q
ARGUMENT
A
- Aim to justify the truth of some statement by giving reasons for it
- REASON THEN CONCLUSION
