TEST UNO

Question 1

List and describe the characteristics of living organisms

Answer 1

order, sensitivity or response to the environment, reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing.

Question 2

Organisms are classified according

Answer 2

to shared features

Question 3

classification systems aim to

Answer 3

reflect evolutionary relationships

Question 4

Classification is based on

Answer 4

studies of morphology and anatomy

Question 5

DNA sequences and proteins are used more often to

Answer 5

classify organisms accurately

Question 6

Define species

Answer 6

a group of organisms that reproduce to form fertile offspring.

Question 7

organisms that share recent ancestors have DNA sequences that are

Answer 7

similar and are closely related

Question 8

binomial systems

Answer 8

Genus and then species

it is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts in latin

Question 9

Features of cells in living organisms

Answer 9

cytoplasm, cell membrane, DNA, ribosomes (for protein synthesis) and enzymes (for respiration)

Question 10

main features used to classify organisms

Answer 10

Animals, Plants, Fungus, Prokaryote, Protoctist

Question 11

Main features of organism groups

Answer 11

Animals:
- Vertebrates: mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish
- Arthropods: myriapods, insects, arachnids, crustaceans
Plants
- Ferns and flowering plants (dicots and monocots)
Viruses (protein coat and genetic material)

Question 12

all cells except prokaryotes have

Answer 12

mitochondria and RER

Question 13

aerobic respiration occurs in the

Answer 13

Mitochondrion

Question 14

define tissue

Answer 14

distinct types of material of which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products

eg: connective tissue

Question 15

Define organ

Answer 15

a part of an organism which is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function.

eg: heart

Question 16

Define organ system

Answer 16

An organ system is a group of organs that work together as a biological system to perform one or more functions

eg: digestive system

Question 17

millimeters and micrometers

Answer 17

1 mm = 1000 micrometers

Question 18

Define diffusion

Answer 18

the net movement of molecules using their own kinetic energy from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient, as a result of their random movement.

Question 19

What type of diffusion is important

Answer 19

gas and solute diffusion

Question 20

substances move into and out of cells by

Answer 20

diffusion through the cell membrane

Question 21

factors such as — can affect diffusion

Answer 21

surface area, temperature, concentration gradient and distance

Question 22

Define osmosis

Answer 22

as the diffusion of water molecules from a region of their higher water potential (dilute) to a region of their lower water potential (concentrated), through a partially permeable membrane

Question 23

water moves into and out of a cell by

Answer 23

osmosis through the partially permeable membrane.

Question 24

define turgid

Answer 24

Swollen or congested

Question 25

turgor pressure is

Answer 25

the force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall

Question 26

Define plasmolysis

Answer 26

contraction of the protoplast of a plant cell as a result of loss of water from the cell.

Question 27

define flaccid

Answer 27

drooping or inelastic through lack of water

Question 28

plants are supported by

Answer 28

the turgor pressure within cells due to the inelastic cell wall

Question 29

Define active transport

Answer 29

the movement of ions in or out of a cell through the cell membrane, from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration against a concentration gradient, using energy released during respiration

Question 30

protein molecules move the particles across the

Answer 30

membrane