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psyc learning > test two > Flashcards

test two Flashcards

1
Q

what is elicited behavior/ respondent behaviour

A

behaviour drawn out by a preceding stimulus
ex - sneezing in response to pollen

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2
Q

what is a reflex

A

automatic response to a stimulus

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3
Q

what is a startled response

A

defense reaction to somehting sudden.
ex when watching the tik tok the guy hit the ball and it hit the screen. people were startled, and jolted a bit.

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4
Q

what is orienting response

A

is a relatively mahour body movement
ex - jerking hand off hot stove

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5
Q

what is habituation

A

the more you are around the stimuli the less it bothers you/ react to it. it decreases the strenght
example
if you grew up by a noisy street you tune out the noise when you sleep you got accustomed to it

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6
Q

what is sensitization

A

this is the more you are around the stimullus the more it bothers you.
it increases the strength of the behaviour.
example if you grew up on this quiet street and they just added a train track by your house and it wakes you up every morning at 6 am. it annoys you more and more every time it happens

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7
Q

what are two majour things that can impact the strenght of the enviromental situation

A
  1. the nature of the stimuli
  2. nature of the behaviour
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8
Q

what affects the nature of the stimulus

A
  1. sounds, visulual stimuli
  2. ASK
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9
Q

what is short term habituation

A

Your responses quickly decrease as a result to repeated stimulus. for example if something makes your heart beat super fast as soon as the stimulus is gone yout heart rate will go back to normal quickly. Another ex: the child next door repeatadly banging on the drums

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10
Q

what is long term habituation

A

your responses slowly descrease as a result to repeated stimulus. example something makes you super cold ( skin conductance) it will take a while for it to go back to normal.

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

define the opperant process theory of emotion and list the three main charectoristrics of opponent processes

A
  1. A process (quick response)
    a. Unconditional response
    b. Remains stable
  2. B process
    a. Unconditional “counter response”
    b. Gets stronger + faster + lasts longer
  3. Observable behavior is the sum of two
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13
Q

How can the nature of the behavior cause differences in the habituation process?

A

Different behaviour will habituate at a different rates. The amount of energy it takes for that behaviour to take place can change the habituate

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14
Q

what is stimulus response

A

connection by pairing 2 stimuli ( generally a reflex)

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15
Q

what is a repondent behaviour

A

behaviour that elicited by specific stimuli and can be conditioned to new stimuli through a stimulus pairing process

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16
Q

what is a neutral stimulis

A

does not normally elicit a reponse or reflex action by itself ex: a bell ringing, a color, furry object

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17
Q

unconditioned stimulus

A

always elicits a reflex action
ex:
food
blast of air
noise

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18
Q

conditioned response

A

conditioned stimulus that has been paired with a unconditioned stimulus and now elicits a condtioned reponse .

19
Q

diagram of ns and us

A

Neutral stimulus + unconditioned stimus = unconditioned response
neutral stimulus creates conditioned stimulus elicits conditoned repsonse

20
Q

what are the four temperal arrangements of ns and us

A
  1. delayed conditioning procedures:
    1. simultaneous conditioning procedure
    2. trace conditioning procedure
    3. backward conditioning procedure
21
Q

what temperal arrangement has the tone onset start and halfway through the shock onset starts

A

delayed conditioning procedure

22
Q

what temperal arrangement has the tone onset and offset complete before the onset of shock

A

traced conditiong procedure

23
Q

what temperal arrangement has the onset of offset of the tone and the shock

A

simultaneous conditioning procedure

24
Q

what temperal arrangement had the shock onset start and halfway through the tone onset starts

A

backwards condtionign procedure

25
Q

what is a condtioned stimulus

A

distinctive external stumulus ex light metronome dog

26
Q

what is a temporal conditioning

A

Neutral stimulus and a constrol stimulus is not an external stimulus but the passage of time. example waking up on the weekend without your alarm at the same time your alarm is se tfor the weekdays. or eating lunch at 11:30 everyday so you are hungary when its later.

27
Q

what is aqusition

A

process of developing and strenghting a Conditioned response through repeated pairings of neutral stimulus with unconditioned stimuluses

28
Q

what happens if in an aqusition the unconditioned stimulus is more intense

A

more intense produce more rapid conditioning than if it was a less intense US

29
Q

what happens if in an aqusition the neutral stimulus is more intense

A

results in stronger and more rapid conditioning than less intesense NS
example - loud metronome paired ith food produces a stronger response of salvtion than if the metronome was faint

30
Q

what is extiction

A

when a conditioned response is weakened and eventaully eliminated by repeatly presenting the CS without the NS.
example if you rang the bell a lot without any food

31
Q

what is spontanous recovery

A

after extinction the response can reappear after a break of time without the CS and US

32
Q

what is generilization

A

once a reponnse has been conditioned it generalizes it for simular conditioned stimuluses.
ex - got sick from dill pickles chips now feel sick when you see them, you will have the same reaction to all chips dosnt matter the kind or have the same reaction to dill pickles

33
Q

what is discrimation

A

learned ability to distinguish between condtioned stimulus and other irrelavent stimulius.
ex - you got sick off the dill pickle chips and now they make you sick. the other types are fine and dill pickles are fine

34
Q

conditioned taste aversion

A

process where one exposure to experience creates sustained learning
if you eat or drink something that makes them sick they will not eat it again and the sight of it makes them sick
ex- me now when i see and taste vodka

35
Q

what is first order pairing

A

pairing a NS with a US that turns the NS into a CS
ex- pairing a metronome (NS) food (US) to a dog ( salvates due to food) (UCR)
then take away the food(US). the dog will now salivate for the metronome

36
Q

high order conditioning

A

this is when pairing a CS with another NS.

37
Q

what is sensory preconditioning

A

When a stimulis is condtioned as a control stimulus, another stimuus that was previouslt paried with it can also become a CS.
ex - preconditioning phase toolshed is assosiated with wasps. wasps sting( makes fear). toolshed is now associated with fear

38
Q

what is overshadowing

A

when one stumuli is more readily causing condtioning than the other.
ex we used a bright light with a quiet metronome with food. the dog does not salivate it is conditioning to the light

39
Q

what is blocking

A

compound consists of ns and CS. When you pair light and metronome with food salvation.
food + light = salvation
food + metronome = no salvation
they were conditioned to the wrong stimulus

40
Q

what is latent inhibition

A

something you have not incountered before will be easier to condtion than if you have been exposed to.

41
Q

what is aversion theoropy

A

person has issues with alchol dependance so they repeatly pair achol with a pill that makes them so they associate feeling sick with the alchol
- sight of alchol (CS) creates nausea (CR)

42
Q

what is the SR model

A

S-r Model:
S(cs) – R(UR) due to co- occurrence CS-UR
Activation of CS result in the activation of UR via spreading of activiation

43
Q

what is the ss model

A

s-s models:
core CS US relationship leas to association S (CS) and S( US) under appropriate cognitive condtions

44
Q

what are some issues with associative models

A

Issues:
- They can predict some parts of respondent conditioning but not all
o S-R require co occurance of cs and us for the learning to occur
o Some require awareness but learning has shown to happen without awareness
o S-s models assume the CR is the same as UR but that is not always the case

psyc learning (6 decks)

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