test three Flashcards
what are we looking for in handwriting analysis in two samples
the differences
what are the components of handwriting analysis
handwriting slants
rounded letters
shape of letters
spacing between lines
what are the components of handwriting analysis: letter formations
how is the letter constructed, how many strokes, one continuous stroke or many strokes combined to make the letter
what are the components of handwriting analysis: the size of letters
relationship between size of short and tall letters and between the height and width of a single letter
what are the components of handwriting analysis: the size of letters: line form
how smooth and dark the lines are, which indicates how much pressure the writer applied and the speed of writing
what are the components of handwriting analysis: the size of letters: formatting
this includes the spacing between letters, the spacing between words, the placement of words on a line and the margins a writer leaves empty on a page
what would cause someone to change the formation of a letter
where the letter falls in the word (beginning, middle, or end) the analyst has to find an example of each
forgery definition
chemicals to make, alter, or falsify a persons signature or another aspect of a document with the intent or deceive another
what are examples of forged documents
checks, employment records, legal documents, licenses, wills
literary forgery
piece of writing –> letter or manuscript
try to copy original documents so they use old paper and books to add age paper
they make their own historically accurate inks
Martin Coneely
forged Abraham Lincolns signature in 1937
how is counterfeiting money usually caught
has a different feel because money is printed on special paper, doesn’t feel right
counterfeit money pen
contains iodine
if the bill is counterfeit it will turn bluish black
regularly printer paper has starch
real money will leave a pale yellow brown line that fades quickly
McDonald triad
torturing animals, setting fired, bed wedding past toddler age
most serial killers exhibit at least one of these behaviors
visionary motive type
insane or psychotic
compelled to murder by entities such as the devil (devil mandated) or God (God mandated)
what is an example of visionary motive type
David berkowitz son of Sam
mission oriented type
need to “rid the world” of who they deem unworthy or immoral
prostitutes, young women, gay men
what is an example of a mission oriented serial killer
green River killer gary ridgway
hedonistic killer and example
derives pleasure from killing
Jeffrey Dahmer
thrill killer
primary goal to inflict pain or create terror in the victims
victims are often strangers who the killer may have stalked for a period of time
these killers can go long periods of time without killing
comfort (profit) killers
material gain and extravagant lifestyle are primary motives. the victims are usually close acquaintances or family members
female serial killers
Ted Bundy
most victims were young women with blonde/light brown hair parted in the middle
bite mark evidence from his victims at Florida state university sealed his fate
son of Sam David berkowitz
sent letters to new York newspapers signing them son of Sam a reference to the demon he believed lived inside the black Labrador retriever owned by his neighbor Sam carr
targeted young women with long dark hair
targeted male female couples who were seated in parked cars
Jack the ripper
unidentified serial killer active in the impoverished Whitechapel district of london england in 1888
jack the ripper typically involved prostitutes in the east end of London
throats cut first prior to abdominal mutilations
the removal of internal organs suggests he had anatomical knowledge
Richard ramirez the night stalker
self proclaimed devil worshiper
randomly raped and murdered his victims in their homes
satanic symbols were his calling card
Lt Gil Carrillo
Co lead investigator of the night stalker case
John Wayne Gacy
killer clown dressed in clown costume and makeup
murdered at least 33 teenage boys and buried them under his house
promise of construction work
Jeffery Lionel Dahmer
Milwaukee cannibal
milwaukee monster
young boys to his apartment and then drugged, strangled, dismembered, cannibalized
the zodiac murders
San Francisco bay area during a 5 year period
victims (couples) were attacked on weekends in areas near water with a different weapon and automobile each time
symbol with the cross in the circle
gary ridgeway, green River killer
murdered women in the Seattle area
murdrered 48 teenage runaways and prostitutes, strangled and dumped into the green River in the state of washington
Dennis rader
BTK bind torture kill
25 year crime spree in wichita kansas
Robert pickton pig farmer
Vancouver area pig farmer
murdered as many as 60 female prostitutes
barrel
The metal tube through which a projectile or shot charge is fired.
May be rifled or smooth The long, metal tube that guides a projectile out of a firearm
bullet
the little rounded end of the what you assume a bullet looks like
cartridge
a case that holds a bullet, primer powder, and gunpowder
primer in a gun
ignites propellant powder within the cartridge, especially acting as the initial spark that starts the combustion process which propels the bullet out of the barrel
lead styphnate
barium nitrate
antimony sulfide
what are the parts of rifle/handgun barrel
lands, grooves, barrel
lands
part of the barrel that stick out
grooves
part of the barrel that go inwards
cross section gun : muzzle
end of the barrel where the bullet comes out
cross section gun barrel bore
The inside of the barrel. “Smoothbore” weapons (typically shotguns) have no rifling. Most
handguns and rifles have “rifling”
cross section bore chamber
more wide area before the bore
rifling
helical grooves machined into the internal surface of a firearms barrel for imparting a spin to a projectile to improve its aerodynamic stability and accuracy
this improves stability in the flight of the bullet
gunshot residue
from the discharge of the firearm its on the skin of the shooters hands on the clothing of the shooter and objects close to the shooter
what is in the gaseous cloud of gunshot residue
particles composed of primer residue
tool marks
The surface of a tool leaves distinctive marks when it is forced against another surface.
The impressions made by any tool could link the tool to a crime scene and ultimately to the
tool’s owner
indentation mark
an impression made by a tool when it is pressed against a softer surface.
It is the negative impression of the tool
abrasain mark
surfaces slide across one another
harder surface leaved scratches on softer surface
cutting marks
along the edge of a surface as it is cut
blade used to dismember a body can be determined by examining the cut surface of the bone
how do tools change over time
using repeatedly
oxidation
rusting of tools
uneven sharpening
glass evidence
hard, amorphous, brittle material made by melting silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, sodium oxide
laminated glasses
two or more panes of glass bonded by a plastic middle layer
windshield
tempered glass/ safety glass
subjected to extreme temperatures or chemical treatments to improve its strength
side and back windows
protect passengers from the dangers of flying shards
bullet resistant glass
laminated and tempered glass composed of two layers one hard one soft
refraction
change of direction of light from one medium to another (air into water)
radial fracture
start at the point of impact and move outward
