Test Study Flashcards
What 2 schools of thought did Durkheim have and how did he put them together?
Anti-Conservative and Conservative. Also, French Enlightenment and Anti-Enlightenment.
Individualism coming out of conscious collectiveness. Society gets more complex and see more individualism coming out of it. DOL.
How does Structuralism and Positionality interact?
Who you are, what your environment is, what you believe in, etc…. influences your function in society, your position in the DOL, and how the collective function of the individual influences the flow of the function of society
What is positivism? How does it connect to Functionalism?
The belief that “i am seeing reality”, I am empirically testing everything and Durkheim does this through social facts. This is how it connects to Functionalism.
What is Functionalism?
A theoretical perspective that sees society as an organism - the function of society.
What is Anomie?
“Normlessness”. Wether or not you, yourself have meaning. It describes how the individual connects to their society.
What is Sui Generis?
It means unique, but in a more objective sense, it is a social body.
It functions separately as its own organism and the individual is the cell within the body. An objective conception. The individual can only be defined by social facts.
How is Structuralism, Positivism and the Biological Evolution similar/how do their interact?
Positivism cultivates the sociological method of Structuralism. Positivism regulates how we go about studying things. If we only have a positive view, it could come about naturally that we believe in Sui Generis.
Explain Morality:
It goes into the evolution process. In an organic society, religion is the dominant institution. It allows everyone to be the same because of this, because of its symbols. As organic society becomes more complex and DOL is created, morality becomes a respect of differentiation between individuals rather than a share collectiveness within religion. Morality moves from being rigidly structured to being interdependent.
Explain collective effervescence:
Where religion gets places in other areas of life. For example, a share collectiveness with shared symbols at a rave.
Morality -
Explain Cosmology:
For Durkheim, it is the structure of religion and explains the function of religion. Religion directly influences the way things came about, it is based in ontology. Cosmology is the way the world came about, so it connects to religion in this way.
Explain the sacred/profane and how this interacts with social world:
The sacred is the collective representations that are set apart from society, or that which transcends everyday life.
The profane is mundane - that which is not normal.
These create power within our social world in ways such a symbols or turning the profane into sacred through placing the sacred into a profane space.
What is the Dual Conception of the Individual?
It’s the theory that the individual has a social part and an individual part of themselves. This came about through the the Enlightenment as a focus on the individual while the Anti-Enlightenment is a focus on the collective.
What is DOL?
Movement from organic society (the strongest) to mechanical society. Division of Labor key arguments - to produce social solidarity and increase morality.
