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Cardiac Electrophysiology I > Test Questions > Flashcards

Test Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the electrical activity occuring during the PR interval

A

all elecrtical activity

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2
Q

What part of the AP curve corresponds to the ST segment?

A

Phase 2

plateau phase

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3
Q

What two pathways can be localized within Koch’s triangle?

A

Fast: Anterior

Slow: Posterior

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4
Q

Name three major deflection on the HIS electrogram

A
  1. A
  2. H
  3. V
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5
Q

Which ion occurs during phases 1, 2 and 3?

A

Potassium

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6
Q

What is extrastimulus pacing which demonstrates the longest coupling interval for which a premature impulse is blocked or fails to propagate through that tissue?

A

Effective Refractory Period

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7
Q

What is the longest coupling interval to be associated with a blocked premature stimulis?

A

ERP

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8
Q

What structure extends from the coronary sinus os to the superior aspect of the septum?

A

Tendon of Todaro

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9
Q

What’s the most common mechanism for arrhythmias?

A

Reentry

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10
Q

Which phase correlates with the relative refractory period?

A

Phase 3

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11
Q

Name the three borders of the triangle of Koch

A
  1. Septal leaflet of the Tricuspid
  2. os of the coronary sinus
  3. Tendon of todaro
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12
Q

How do you measure the AH interval?

A

onset of the A to the onset of the H on the HIS

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13
Q

Name 2 uses for an EP catheter

A
  1. pacing
  2. recording
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14
Q

Which fluoro view shows the long axis of the ventricles?

A

RAO

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15
Q

Where is Na+/K+ pump is activated?

A

Phase 4

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16
Q

What is the longest coupling interval that delays conduction?

A

RRP

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17
Q

Which ion triggers cardiac muscle contraction?

A

Calcium

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18
Q

Which ion is responsible for depolarization in a cardiac pacemaker cell?

A

Calcium

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19
Q

What is the period of time when the initiation of an action potential is impossible no matter how strong the stimulus?

A

ARP

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20
Q

What percentage of people have the AV nodal artery arising from the RCA?

A

85%

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21
Q

What is the inherent firing rate of the AV node?

A

40-60 BPM

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22
Q

How does the electrical conduction travel from the right atrium to the left atrium?

A

Bachmann’s Bundle

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23
Q

Atrial kick accounts for how much blood into the ventricles?

A

20-30%

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24
Q

Phase 3 correlates with what on the ECG?

A

T wave

25
Q

What view is this?

A

RAO

26
Q

What structure is between the IVC and the tricuspid valve in the posteroseptal wall?

A

Coronary Sinus

27
Q

What does the H spike represent on the HIS bundle channel?

A

Conduction at the His

28
Q

When is K+ moving out in the AP?

A

Phase 1, 2, 3

29
Q

Phase 2 correlates with what on the ECG?

A

ST segment

30
Q

What is the inherent firing rate of the His-Purkinje system?

A

20-40 BPM

31
Q

What does the AH interval measure?

A

conduction time though the AV node

32
Q

What is the ability of the heart to intiate an impulse?

A

automaticity

33
Q

Which property is considered inotropic?

A

contractility

34
Q

What view is this ?

A

LAO

35
Q

What structure is a ridge that runs from SVC to the IVC?

A

Crista Terminalis

36
Q

Where is the conduction velocity fastest?

A

Purkinje Fibers

37
Q

How do you measure the PA interval?

A

beginning of the P wave to the onset of the A on the HIS

38
Q

Why is the electrical impulse is slowed in the AV node?

A
  1. Allow for ventricular filling
  2. Allow for complete atrial emptying
39
Q

Which mechanism is associated with metabolic causes?

A

Automaticity

40
Q

Which fluoro view shows the short axis?

A

LAO

41
Q

What does the PA interval represent?

A

intraatrial depolarization

42
Q

What does the HV interval measure?

A

Conduction time through the HIS, Purkinje system

43
Q

What phase (s) of the AP are repolarization phases?

A

Phases 2, 3, 4

44
Q

Which ion is responsible for depolarization in a cardiac muscle cell?

A

Sodium

45
Q

What is the period of time in which a cell cannot be stimulated to depolarize early no matter how strong the stimulus?

A

Absolute refractory period

46
Q

What does the A spike correlate to on the HIS bundle channel?

A

Conduction of the low Right Atrium

47
Q

What is the EP equivalent of heart rate?

A

Cycle Length

48
Q

What does the V spike represent on the HIS bundle channel?

A

Conduction of High Right Ventricle

49
Q

Which phases correlate with ARP?

A

Phase 0, 1, 2 and initial portion of 3

50
Q

What structure is used to gain access to the left atrium?

A

Fossa Ovalis

51
Q

How do you measure the HV interval?

A

onset of the H to the onset of the first QRS on the surface EKG

52
Q

What side of the screen is the spine in RAO?

A

Left

53
Q

What is the basic unit of time in EP?

A

Milliseconds

54
Q

Where is the HIS bundle located?

A

The inferior end of the interatrial septum

55
Q

What phase of the action potential is generally recorded on the electrogram?

A

Phase 0

56
Q

What is the speed of conduction in the Purkinje fibers?

A

4 m/s

57
Q

What resting membrane potential in a ventricular muscle cell?

A

-80/-90 mV

58
Q

What percentage of people have the SA nodal artery arising from the RCA?

A

55%

Cardiac Electrophysiology I (15 decks)

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