Test Questions

Question 1

Describe the electrical activity occuring during the PR interval

Answer 1

all elecrtical activity

Question 2

What part of the AP curve corresponds to the ST segment?

Answer 2

Phase 2

plateau phase

Question 3

What two pathways can be localized within Koch’s triangle?

Answer 3

Fast: Anterior

Slow: Posterior

Question 4

Name three major deflection on the HIS electrogram

Answer 4

1. A
2. H
3. V

Question 5

Which ion occurs during phases 1, 2 and 3?

Answer 5

Potassium

Question 6

What is extrastimulus pacing which demonstrates the longest coupling interval for which a premature impulse is blocked or fails to propagate through that tissue?

Answer 6

Effective Refractory Period

Question 7

What is the longest coupling interval to be associated with a blocked premature stimulis?

Answer 7

ERP

Question 8

What structure extends from the coronary sinus os to the superior aspect of the septum?

Answer 8

Tendon of Todaro

Question 9

What’s the most common mechanism for arrhythmias?

Answer 9

Reentry

Question 10

Which phase correlates with the relative refractory period?

Answer 10

Phase 3

Question 11

Name the three borders of the triangle of Koch

Answer 11

1. Septal leaflet of the Tricuspid
2. os of the coronary sinus
3. Tendon of todaro

Question 12

How do you measure the AH interval?

Answer 12

onset of the A to the onset of the H on the HIS

Question 13

Name 2 uses for an EP catheter

Answer 13

1. pacing
2. recording

Question 14

Which fluoro view shows the long axis of the ventricles?

Answer 14

RAO

Question 15

Where is Na+/K+ pump is activated?

Answer 15

Phase 4

Question 16

What is the longest coupling interval that delays conduction?

Answer 16

RRP

Question 17

Which ion triggers cardiac muscle contraction?

Answer 17

Calcium

Question 18

Which ion is responsible for depolarization in a cardiac pacemaker cell?

Answer 18

Calcium

Question 19

What is the period of time when the initiation of an action potential is impossible no matter how strong the stimulus?

Answer 19

ARP

Question 20

What percentage of people have the AV nodal artery arising from the RCA?

Answer 20

85%

Question 21

What is the inherent firing rate of the AV node?

Answer 21

40-60 BPM

Question 22

How does the electrical conduction travel from the right atrium to the left atrium?

Answer 22

Bachmann’s Bundle

Question 23

Atrial kick accounts for how much blood into the ventricles?

Answer 23

20-30%

Question 24

Phase 3 correlates with what on the ECG?

Answer 24

T wave

Question 25

What view is this?

Answer 25

RAO

Question 26

What structure is between the IVC and the tricuspid valve in the posteroseptal wall?

Answer 26

Coronary Sinus

Question 27

What does the H spike represent on the HIS bundle channel?

Answer 27

Conduction at the His

Question 28

When is K+ moving out in the AP?

Answer 28

Phase 1, 2, 3

Question 29

Phase 2 correlates with what on the ECG?

Answer 29

ST segment

Question 30

What is the inherent firing rate of the His-Purkinje system?

Answer 30

20-40 BPM

Question 31

What does the AH interval measure?

Answer 31

conduction time though the AV node

Question 32

What is the ability of the heart to intiate an impulse?

Answer 32

automaticity

Question 33

Which property is considered inotropic?

Answer 33

contractility

Question 34

What view is this ?

Answer 34

LAO

Question 35

What structure is a ridge that runs from SVC to the IVC?

Answer 35

Crista Terminalis

Question 36

Where is the conduction velocity fastest?

Answer 36

Purkinje Fibers

Question 37

How do you measure the PA interval?

Answer 37

beginning of the P wave to the onset of the A on the HIS

Question 38

Why is the electrical impulse is slowed in the AV node?

Answer 38

1. Allow for ventricular filling 2. Allow for complete atrial emptying

Question 39

Which mechanism is associated with metabolic causes?

Answer 39

Automaticity

Question 40

Which fluoro view shows the short axis?

Answer 40

LAO

Question 41

What does the PA interval represent?

Answer 41

intraatrial depolarization

Question 42

What does the HV interval measure?

Answer 42

Conduction time through the HIS, Purkinje system

Question 43

What phase (s) of the AP are repolarization phases?

Answer 43

Phases 2, 3, 4

Question 44

Which ion is responsible for depolarization in a cardiac muscle cell?

Answer 44

Sodium

Question 45

What is the period of time in which a cell cannot be stimulated to depolarize early no matter how strong the stimulus?

Answer 45

Absolute refractory period

Question 46

What does the A spike correlate to on the HIS bundle channel?

Answer 46

Conduction of the low Right Atrium

Question 47

What is the EP equivalent of heart rate?

Answer 47

Cycle Length

Question 48

What does the V spike represent on the HIS bundle channel?

Answer 48

Conduction of High Right Ventricle

Question 49

Which phases correlate with ARP?

Answer 49

Phase 0, 1, 2 and initial portion of 3

Question 50

What structure is used to gain access to the left atrium?

Answer 50

Fossa Ovalis

Question 51

How do you measure the HV interval?

Answer 51

onset of the H to the onset of the first QRS on the surface EKG

Question 52

What side of the screen is the spine in RAO?

Answer 52

Left

Question 53

What is the basic unit of time in EP?

Answer 53

Milliseconds

Question 54

Where is the HIS bundle located?

Answer 54

The inferior end of the interatrial septum

Question 55

What phase of the action potential is generally recorded on the electrogram?

Answer 55

Phase 0

Question 56

What is the speed of conduction in the Purkinje fibers?

Answer 56

4 m/s

Question 57

What resting membrane potential in a ventricular muscle cell?

Answer 57

-80/-90 mV

Question 58

What percentage of people have the SA nodal artery arising from the RCA?

Answer 58

55%