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pharm 2 > test one > Flashcards

test one Flashcards

1
Q

What is considered high alert drugs list 4 and why

A

high risk of causing injury when misused
anticoags-bleeding
insulin-low blood glucose and coma
narcotics and opiates-addiction and LOC/coma
sedatives- addiction and LOC/coma

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2
Q

What is the treatment for over dose with in one hour list 3

A

topical decontamination
prevention of absorption-gastric lavage or activated charcoal
neutralization- administer acid or base

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3
Q

what is the tx for overdose after one hour 3

A

hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, chelating agents, antidote

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4
Q

Two things to remember about activated charcoal

A

Mix-it is clumpy and may taste bad and assess bowel sounds first

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5
Q

Acetaminophen overdose procedure 3

A

Activated charcoal, watch liver labs, N-acetylcysteine as antidote

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6
Q

What would you do for asprin overdose? 5 plus two drugs

A

Activated charcoal, seizure precautions, thermal management, electrolyte replacement, alkalize urine, n-acetylcysteine amd mucomyst

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7
Q

What would you do for benzo overdose? 4

A

Activated charcoal, flumazenil 0.2mg titrate as needed, seizure

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8
Q

What would you do for opioid OD 2

A

Respiratory support, naloxone 0.4mg watch for re-admin

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9
Q

What should you do for a dig overdose?

A

Dig level right away and 6 hrs after, activated charcoal, fluid/e, digibind, watch dysrhythmias

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10
Q

Def for schedule 1 drug

A

No medical use, high pot for addiction, lack of accepted safety

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11
Q

Liver fail and drugs 4

A

slow drug metabolism-build up of drugs in system- toxic levels
Liver damage
reduced effectiveness with prodrugs which have to be metabolized in the liver
not making proteins- competing or build up=toxic

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12
Q

potency

A

Amount needed to have specific effect

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13
Q

efficacy

A

Maximum response that can be produced by the drug

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14
Q

steady state

A

quantity of drug eliminated in the unit of time equals the quantity of drug that reaches the systemic circulation in the unit of time
it takes about four half lives to reach a steady state
so 4X 1/2 (measured in time)=steady state

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15
Q

Half life

A

The time it takes for a drug to be at 50 percent in plasma levels

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16
Q

If you make a med error as a nurse what steps would you take

A

Assess the patient, implement interventions, notify with SBAR, fill out an incident report but do not document

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17
Q

What about ionized drugs and what does that mean?

A

They don’t pass through cell walls acid in base is ionized in excretion you need ionized

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18
Q

First pass effect

A

Straight to liver less at the site then

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19
Q

Inter-patient drug response

A

Dosing is based on the ED50 which is the dose required to elicit the desired response in 50 percent of patients
ED-therapeutic TD-toxic LD-lethal

20
Q

Therapeutic index

A

Range between ED50 to TD50

21
Q

Direct or physical interactions

A

IV crystals

22
Q

Pharmacokinetics interactions

A

Alter the drug process absorption…

23
Q

interactions Pharmacodynamics

A

Same or different sites

24
Q

Combined toxicity

A

Toxic to the same organ

25
Q

Who are at most risk for drug Drug interactions 2

A

Someone with 2 or more chronic diseases and the elderly

26
Q

Dairy binds with what drug

A

Tetracycline

27
Q

What does grapfruit juice do to metabolism

A

increase or decrease

28
Q

2 drugs that produce high B{P

A

tryamine and MAO inhib

29
Q

What drug is effected by vit k and how?

and what together increases vit k

A

warfarin it reduces it

potassium diuretics and salt substitutes

30
Q

Idiosyncratic reaction

A

uncommon effect related to genetic predisposition

31
Q

What to do for digoxin overdose 6

A 
Drug level immediately, and at 6 hrs. 
activated charcoal
fluid and e 
digibind-monitor potassium drop
 tx dysrythmias 
atropine
32
Q

one thing about adrenergic receptors

A

Complex so better specificity

33
Q

Alpha 1
Alpha 2
Beta 1
Beta 2

A

nasal mydriasis
HTN
heart and kidneys
asthma

34
Q

What are the non-selective adrenergic agonists how to remember 5
whats the outcast and what does it do?

A

epinephrine, dopamine, droxidopa, ephedrine, norepi

Ephedrine-nasal

35
Q

What are the alpha selective adrenergic agonists 4 and mneumonic

A

phenylephrine, intranasal decongestants, ocular decongestants, midodrine
a penny in the nose makes your eyes water down your midline and causes anxiety

36
Q

What are the beta adrenergic agonists 4 and mneumonic

A

Isoproterenol, bronchodilators, dobutamine, tocolytics

isolating the broncos causes doubt and anxiety to Coloradans (toco)

37
Q

what are the selective alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist drugs and whats special
mneumonic

A

prazosin tx high bp and the others help pee

end in sin/pee/antagonizing

38
Q

non-selective beta blockers end in and two exceptions

A

propan for lungs the rest is htn
atenolol and metrapropolol is selective

lol

39
Q

selective beta 1 blocker anf one thing mnemonic

A

metoprolol and atenolol
tx htn and no lung involvement

there is a ten at metrostate

40
Q

What does muscarinic

A

Cholinergic

41
Q

3 cholinergic agonists mnemonic and exception

A

Bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine
The cars are for glaucoma
chol-chol car-car
cant drive if you cant see

42
Q

What are stigmines and what do they do?

for what?

A

Cholenergic agonists blocks acetolcholine erysterace increases mm contraction
myasthenia gravis

43
Q

what does succinylcholine do
what is it used for?
CI?

A

competes with acetocholine= long depolarization of mm=decrease ca=no mm movement
Surg
Malignant hypothermia

44
Q

cholenergic antag name 3 and what they tx

A

Atropine, oxybutynin, scopolamine
I look at the pines they give me oxygen and I eat a scoop of ice cream
A-blocks cholenergic effects and all that goes with it
O-over active bladder
S-sick car

45
Q

one thing about scopolamine

A

Causes sedation and urine retention used surg

46
Q

what to drugs do you need to be careful with?

A

carvendilol and isoproterenol

pharm 2 (8 decks)

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