Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology Lab > Test II > Flashcards

Test II Flashcards

1
Q

Biotic Factor

A

The community of living organisms that that live in an ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Abiotic Factor

A

The physical environment with which the community interacts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Biosphere

A

The portion of the Earth on/in which living organisms can live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ecosystem

A

A specific geographic location and all of the organisms that live in that location and interact with each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Four Factors that Affect Population Size

A

Birth, Death, Immigration, and Emigration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Exponential Growth Model

A

The larger the population becomes, the faster it will grow because in each generation there will be more individuals reproducing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

the maximum number of individuals of that species that the local environment can support at a particular time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Logistic Growth Model

A

The per capita growth rate decreases as the population density increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Colonizer

A

Species that recover quickly from disturbances and dominate after a disturbance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Species Diversity

A

The measure of how many species occur in an area, and how rare or common a species is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Simpson’s Index of Diversity

A

Uses the population size of each species in the study to generate a single number indicating diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ethology

A

Branch of biology that involves that involves the study of animal behavior, including human behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Field Study

A

An ethologist observes animals in their natural habitats with minimal interfence or interaction with the study subjects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Laboratory Studies

A

Animals are put through specifically designed experiments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Taxis

A

If the movement is directional with respect to the source of the stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Phototaxis

A

Movement as a response to light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Geotaxis

A

Directional movement as a response to gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chemotaxis

A

directional movement as a response to chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Kinesis

A

movement that is random in direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tropism

A

Movement as a response to a stimulus but the organism just repositions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Social Behavior

A

Behavior involving the same species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Taxonomy

A

the science of naming, describing, and classifying organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Carolus Linnaeus

A

created system of classification based on the work of Swedish scientists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Systema Naturae

A

Publication by Linnaeus creating the binomial system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Binomial Nomenclature
Organisms are given a two part name
26
Taxa
hierarchical order of named groupings
27
Order of Linnaean System
Domain-> Kingdom-> Phylum-> Class-> Order-> Family-> Genus-> Species
28
International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
governs the taxonomy of animals
29
International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants
governs the naming of protists, fungi, and plants
30
Phylogenetic Systematics
Determines the evolutionary relationships between different groups of organisms
31
Phylogeny
a hypothesis that can be tested and revised as new taxa are discovered or as new data are gathered about the members of that taxonomic group
32
Parsimony
the simplest explanation is the most reasonable explanation
33
Short Growing Season's Effect on Moose Population
Moose population decreases
34
Long Growing Seasons Effect on Moose Population
Extinction
35
What is the most important factor of fire for diversity
The spread of the fire
36
M
Number of animals that were marked and released back into the population
37
N
Population size (trying to estimate)
38
R
Number of animals in the second sample that are recaptures
39
C
Total number of captured animals in the second sample
40
Carrying Capacity Equation
dn/dt=rmax*N(K-N/K)
41
Capture Recapture Method 95% Certainty Equation
N±1.96√MC*(M-R)(C-R)/(R^3)
42
Removal Sampling Method Equation
N=(S1^2)/(S1-S2)
43
Removal Sampling Method 95% Certainty Equation
N±1.96(S1*S2(√S1+S2)/((S1-S2)^2)
44
Thermotaxis
Directional movement as a response to heat
45
Thigmotaxis
Directional movement as a response to touch
46
Inquiry Approach
Students come up with their own questions, form their own hypotheses and design there own experiment to test their hypotheses
47
Morphology
body form and structure
48
Three things used by taxonomists to classify a new species
1. DNA Sequences 2. Morphology 3. Body Function and Behavior
49
Derived Characters
Homologous characteristics that arose in a common ancestor of the clade and thus they are present in all members of that clade
50
Ancestral Characters
Are characteristics that are present in the ancestors of more than one clase and are thus common to more than one clade
51
Cladogram
The phylogenetic tree that results from a cladistic anaysis
52
Similarities of Archaea and Bacteria
1. Small, unicellular prokaryotic organisms 2. Lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles 3. Have a cell wall
53
Differences between Arcaea and Bacteria
1. Bacteria have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan. Archaea have a cell wall usually made up of protein. 2. Archaea have plasma membranes composed of ether-containing lipids, whereas bacteria plasma membranes contain phospholipids. 3. Archaea and Bacteria use different enzymes in transcription and translation
54
Obligate Aerobes
can survive only in the presence of oxygen
55
obligate anaerobes
can survive only in the absence of oxygen
56
Facultative anaerobes
can survive in the presence of absence of oxygen
57
microaerophiles
requires oxygen but only at low concentrations
58
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Nucleus
Pro: No Euk: Yes
59
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Organelles
Pro: Ribosomes Euk: Many
60
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Chromosomes
Pro: Generally one, circular Euk: Generally multiple, linear
61
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes:Ploidy
Pro: Always haploid Euk: Haploid or Diploid
62
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Plasmids
Pro: Usually present Euk: Usually absent
63
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Cell Division
Pro: Binary Fission Euk: Mitosis/Meiosis
64
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Morphology/Complexity
Pro: Unicellular Euk: Unicellular or Multicellular
65
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes: Cell Wall
Pro: Peptidoglycan or Protein Euk: Manly cellulose or chitin
66
Photoautotrophs
Energy Source: Sunlight | Carbon Source: CO2
67
Chemoautotrophs
Energy Source: Oxidation of chemicals | Carbon Source: CO2
68
Photoheterotrophs
Energy Source: Sunlight | Carbon Source: Oxidation of chemicals
69
Chemoheterotrophs
Energy Source: Oxidation of chemicals | Carbon Source: Oxidation of chemicals
70
Chemolithotrophs
Energy Source: Oxidation of chemicals | Carbon Source: Varies- Iron, Nitrates, Sulfur
71
One which continent and how long ago did the elephant first evolve?
Africa 40 mya
72
What is a peat bog and how is it formed?
An area where partially decayed plant matter has accumulated, often where water is acidic and low in nutrient, inhibiting decomposition
73
Where can the musk ox survive?
Alaska, Greenland, and Canada
74
What role does predation play in evolution?
Predators provide a kind of filter for prey popluations- filtering out the old-infirm-injured members of the prey population, potentially increases its chance for survival as a species
75
About 18,000 years ago, ____ percent of the pollen consisted of spruce and jack pine pollen; _____ consisted of oak and maple pollen.
80, 0
76
10,000 years ago, ____ percent of the pollen consisted of spruce and jack pine pollen and ____ of pollen consisted of oak and maple pollen.
40, 40
77
200 years ago, ___ of the pollen consisted of oak and maple pollen; ___ consisted of spruce and jack pine pollen.
80, 0
78
What is the difference between an antler and a horn?
Antler: Bone Only Horn: Bone covered with keratin
79
Why did mammoths and mastodons go extinct about 10,000 years ago?
Shortage of food, or over-hunted by humans
80
Why did the Caribbean monk seal go extinct?
Disturbance of Breeding Grounds
81
What is a glacier?
Compacted mass of ice and snow that accumulates year after year
82
When did the last glacier in Ohio?
20,000 years ago
83
What percentage of life has gone extinct?
99%
84
How many mass extinctions have occurred on earth since 550 million years ago?
Five major events
85
Antibiotics
antimicrobial agents (either produced by other living organisms or manufactured synthetically) that can be taken internally or applied to wounds
86
Antiseptics
antimicrobial agents that can be applied to living tissue/skin
87
Disinfectants
antimicrobial agents used on inanimate objects
88
Bacterial Shapes
1. Cocci (Spherical) 2. Bacilli (Rod-Shaped) 3. Spiral
89
Pink Color Bacterium
Gram Negative
90
Purple Color Bacterium
Gram Positive
91
Bacterium that usually cause infectious diseases are:
Gram Negative
92
Dead Space Around Antibiotic
Zone of Inhibition
93
Nostoc
Connected Beads
94
Gleocapsa
clumped spheres
95
Oscillatoria
Strands with horizontal lines

Biology Lab (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions