Test Four Flashcards
WHAT IT SOCIAL PSYCHCOLOGY?
THE STUDY OF THE WAY IN WHICH THE ACTUAL IMAGINED, ORIMPLIED PRESENCE OF OTHERS INFLUENCES THE THOUGHTS, FEELINGS AND BEHAVIOUR OF INDIVIDUALS
WHAT IS PRIMARY AFFECT?
THE LIKLIHOOD THAT AN OVERALL IMPRESSION OR JUDGEMENT OF ANOTHER WILL BE INFLUENCED MORE BY THE FIRST INFORMATION RECIEVED ABOUT THAT PERSON THAN BY INFORMATION THAT COMES LATER
WHAT IS ATTRIBUTION?
AN INFEREENCE ANOUT THE CAUSE OF OUR OWN OR ANOTHERS BEHAVIOUR
WHAT IS SITUATIONAL ATTRIBUTION
ATTRIBUTION OF A BEHAVIOUR TO SOME EXTERNAL CAUSE OR FACTOR OPERATING IN THE SITUATION; AN EXTERNAL ATTRIBUTION
WHAT IS DISPOSITONAL ATTRIBUTION?
ATTRIBUTION OF ONES OWN OR ANOTHERS BEHAVIOUR TO SOME INTERNAL CAUSE SUCH AS A PERSONAL TRAIT, MOTIVE, OR ATTITUDE; AN INTERNAL ATTRIBUTION
WHAT IS FUNDEMENTAL ATTRIBUTION ERROR
THE TENDENCY TO OVEREMPHASIZE INTERNAL FACTORS AND UNDEREMPHASIZE SITUATIONAL ONES WHEN EXPLAINING OTHER PEOPLES BEHAVIOUR
WHAT IS SELF SERVING BIAS?
OUR TENDENCY TO ATTRIBUTE OUR SUCCESSES TO DISPOSITONAL CAUSES, AND OUR FAILURES TO SITUATIONAL CAUSES
WHAT IS CONFORMITY
CHANGING OR ADOPTING A BEHVIOUR OR AN ATTITUDE TO BE CONSISTENT WITH THE NORMS OF A GROUP OR THE EXPECTATIONS OF OTHERS
WHAT IS OBEDIENCE
DO NOT KNOW
WHAT IS SOCIAL FACILLITATION
ANY POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE EFFECT ON PERFORMANCE DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF OTHERS; EITHER AN AUDIENCE EFFECT OR A CO-ACTION EFFECT
WHAT IS AUDIENCE EFFECT
THE IMPACT OF PASSIVE SPECTATORS ON PERFORMANCE
WHAT IS COACTION EFFECT
THE IMPACT ON PERFORMANCE CAUSED BY THE PRESENCE OF OTHERS ENGAGED IN THE SAME TASK
WHAT IS SOCIAL LOAFING
THE TENDENCY TO PUT FORTH LESS EFFORT WHEN WORKING WITH OTHERS ON A COMMON TASK THAN WHEN WORKING ALONE
WHAT IS COGNITIVE DISSONANCE
THE UNPLEASANT STATE THAT CAN OCCUR WHEN PEOPLE BECOME AWART OF INCONSISTENCIES BETWEEN THEIR ATTITUDES OR BETWEEN THEIR ATTITUDES AND THEIR BEHAVIOUR
WHAT IS PREJUDICE
ATTITUDES, USUALLY NEGATIVE, DIRECTED TOWARD OTHERS BASED ON THEIR GENDER, RELIGION, RACE OR MEMBERSHIP IN A PARTICULAR GROUP
WHAT IS DISCRIMINATION
BEHAVIOUR, USUALLY NEGATIVE, DIRECTED TOWARD OTHERS BASED ON THEIR GENDER, RELIGION, RACE OR MEMBERSHIP IN A PARTICULAR GROUP
WHAT IS REALISTIC CONFLICT THEORY
THE NOTION THAT PREJUDICES ARISE WHEN SOCIAL GROUPS MUST COMPLETE FOR SCARCE ECONOMIC RESOURCES
WHAT ARE STEREOTYPES
WIDELY SHARED BELIEFS ABOUT CHARACTERISTIC TRAITS, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIOURS OF MEMBERS OF VARIOUS SOCIAL GROUPS ( RACIAL, ETHNIC, RELIGOUS); THESE INCLUDE THE ASSUMPTION THAT THEY ARE USUALLY ALIKE
WHAT IS BY-STANDER EFFECT
AS THE NUMBER OF BYSTANDERS AT AN EMERGENCT INCREASES, THE PROBABILITY THAT THE VICTIM WILL RECIEVE HELP DECREASES, AND HELP, IF GIVEN, IS LIKELY TO BE DELAYED
WHAT IS DIFUSSION OF RESPONSIBILITY
THE FEELING AMONG BY STANDERS AT AN EMERGENCT THAT THE RESPONSIBITY FOR HELPING IS SHARED BY THE GROUP, SO THAT EACH INDIVIDUAL FEELS LESS COMPELLED TO ACT THA IF HE OR SHE ALONE BORE THE TOTAL RESPONSIBILITY
WHAT IS PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOUR
BEHAVIOUR THAT BENEFITS OTHERS, SUCH AS HELPING, CO-OPERATION, AND SYMPATHY
WHAT IS THE BIOMEDICAL MODEL
A perspective that focuses on illness rather than health, explaining illness in terms of biological factors without regard to psychological and social factors.
WHAT IS BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL
A perspective that focuses on health as well as illness, and holds that both are determined by a combination of biological, psychological and social factors.
WHAT IS GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME
The predictable sequence of reactions (the alarm, resistance, and exhaustion stages) that organisms show in response to stressors.
WHAT IS HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
A subfield of the biopsychosocial model.
WHAT IS PRIMARY APPRAISAL
evaluating the significance of a potentially stressful event according to how it will affect one’s well-being.
WHAT IS SECONDARY APPRASIAL
evaluating one’s coping resources and deciding how to deal with a stressful event.
WHAT IS STRESS
The physiological and psychological response to a condition that threatens or challenges a person and requires some form of adaptation or adjustment
WHAT IS A STRESSOR
Any event capable of producing physical or emotional stress.
PEOPLE ARE GENERALLY OPTIMISTIC TEND TO COPE MOER EFFECTIVELY WITH STRESS, AND IN TURN MAY REDUCE THEIR RISK OF ILLNESS. WHY IS THIS SO?
Optimists generally expect good outcomes,and this helps make them more stress-resistant than pessimists, who tend to expect bad outcomes. Optimists are more likely to use problem-focused coping, to seek social support, to find the positive aspects of a stressful situation, and to better adjust to stress.
SELYE FOCUSED ON THE___________ ASPECTS OF STRESS; LAZAROUS FOCUSED ON THE_________ ASPECTS OF STRESS
PHYSIOLOGICAL;PSYCHOLOGICAL
RICK CANNOT DECIDE WHETHER TO GO OUT OR STAY HOME AND STUDY FOR HIS TEST THIS KIND OF CONFLICT WOULD BE
APPROACH-AVOIDANCE CONFLICT
JUDY DOES NOT WANT TO STUDY FOR HER FINAL EXAM, BUT AT THE SAME TIME SHE DOES NOT WANT TO FAIL THE EXAM. WHAT KIND OF CONFLICT DOES SHE HAVE
AVOIDANCE-AVOIDANCE
NANCY WANTS TO CONTINUE TO WORK AND BUILD HER PROMISING CAREER AS A SOCIAL WORKER BUT SHE ALSO WISHES TO HAVE AND RAISE A CHILD ON A FULL-TIME BASIS. WHAT CONFLICT IS THIS
APPROACH-APPROACH CONFLICT
ACCORDING TO HOLMES AND RAHE, PERSONS WHO EXPERIENCE A NUMBER OF MAJOR LIDE CHANGES OVER THE COURSE OF A YEAR ARE LIKELY TO HAVE WHAT KIND OF EXPERIENCE IN THE NEXT TWO YEARS
MORE HEALTH PROBLEMS THAN USUAL
TRUE OR FALSE
ON THE SRRS, ONLY NEGATIVE LIFE CHANGES ARE CONSIDERED STRESSFUL
FALSE
ACCORDING TO RICHARD LAZARUS, WHAT USUALLY CAUSES THE AVERAGE PERSON THE MOST STRESS
HASSLES
