Test food and farming Flashcards
What did hunter gatherers eat?
wild animals that they killed and plants
What is another name for shepherds?
pastoralists
When did shepherds become crop farmers?
when they lived in one place and grew wheat from the seed of wild grasses.
What two important inventions did the first farmers make?
the plough and different ways to get water to their lands for irrigation
When towns and cities developed, how did the people get food?
from the village people. They exchanged goods from the town for food
Name five facts about subsistence farming
The farmers grow just enough for the needs of their own family.
The farms are quite small.
They do not use modern equipment or fertilizers.
Family members do all the work.
In South Africa subsistence farmers are often women.
What do you call farmers who produce enough to sell to the people in towns and cities?
commercial farmers
Name two cash crops
tobacco and cotton
List six facts about commercial farming
Commercial farms can be very large.
They employ many people.
Machines do some of the work.
They sell food to factories, shops and markets.
A lot of money is needed to buy fertilizers, pesticides and machines.
They often grow one type of crop or keep one type of animal, e.g. A dairy farm.
Name three advantages of subsistence farming
Food is natural and fresh.
It is eco friendly and machinery isn’t needed.
There are no paid employees, so farming can be more peaceful.
Name four disadvantages of subsistence farming
It is hard work.
Risk of drought.
High risk of crop damage and animal illnesses
If fertilizer is used, it is expensive and seed usually has to be bought each year.
What is urban farming?
people growing vegetables in towns and cities: in backyards, on rooftops, in old tires and tin cans. It is just for their own use, like subsistence farming.
Name the four of the seven main food crops grown in South Africa
maize, wheat, sugar, citrus fruit, deciduous fruit, subtropical fruit, rooibos tea.
Which type of fruit have thick skins at can be peeled off easily?
citrus fruits (like lemons and oranges)
Name two facts about deciduous fruits
The trees lose their leaves in winter.
They have thin skins that you can eat.
