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chemistry > test- chemical bonding > Flashcards

test- chemical bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

chemical bond

A

-an attractive force between atoms or ions
-binds them together

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1
Q

why do atoms bond?

A

-to decrease potential energy
-to increase stability

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2
Q

valence electrons

A

-electrons in the outermost energy level or shell

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3
Q

ve- in group 1

A

1

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4
Q

ve- in group 2

A

2

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5
Q

ve- in group 13

A

3

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6
Q

ve- in group 14

A

4

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7
Q

ve- in group 15

A

5

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8
Q

ve- in group 16

A

6

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9
Q

ve- in group 17

A

7

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10
Q

ve- in group 18

A

8

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11
Q

what is the exception to the ve- group rules?

A

-helium
-has 2 ve-

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12
Q

ionic compound

A

-composed of postive ad negative inos
-combined so that the postive and negative charges are equal (neutral net charge)
-occurs between the metal and nonmetal
-involve the transfer of electrons between atoms

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13
Q

formula unit

A

-the simplest whole number of ions in an ionic compound

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14
Q

ionic charge of group 1

A

+1

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15
Q

ionic charge of group 2

A

+2

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16
Q

ionic charge of group 13

A

+3

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17
Q

ionic charge of group 15

A

-3

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18
Q

ionic charge of group 16

A

-2

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19
Q

ionic charge of group 17

A

-1

20
Q

ionic charge of group 18

A

0

21
Q

covalent bond

A

-bond between nonmetal and nonmetal
-sharing electrons between two ites
-either polar or nonpolar

22
Q

molecule

A

-a neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds

23
Q

molecular compound

A

-a chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules

24
Q

chemical formula

A

-show the type of number of atoms in the smallest representative unit of a compound

25
Q

molecular formula

A

-shows the types of numbers of atoms combined in a single molecule of a molecular compound

26
Q

polar

A

-unequally sharing electrons

27
Q

nonpolar

A

-equally sharing electrons

28
Q

single covalent bond

A

-shares 1 pair ve-
-long bond length
-lowest reactivity

29
Q

double covalent bond

A

-chares 2 pair ve-
-meduim length
-intermediate strength
-medium reactivity

30
Q

triple covalent bond

A

-shares 3 pair ve-
-short bond length
-high reactivity

31
Q

metallic bonding

A

-valence electrons are delocalized/ free
-don’t belong to one atom
-move in what is called the “sea of electrons”

32
Q

ionic compounds exist as… (state of matter)

A

-crystalline solid

33
Q

crystal lattice

A

-3d network of postive and negative ions
-mutually attracted to one another

34
Q

ionic bond properties

A

-high melting points
-high boiling points
-solid at room temperature
-hard but brittle and rigid
-conductors of electricity in molten state or dissolved
-metal and nonmetal elements involve
-high bond strength

35
Q

why do ionic bonds have the properties they do?

A

-they have extremely strong chemcial bonds

36
Q

polar covalent bond properties

A

-low melting point
-low boiling point
-sometimes conduct electricity
-liquid, gas, or solid
-two nonmetals involved
-soluble with water
-relatively high bond strength

37
Q

where are nonmetals located on the periodic table?

A

-right side

38
Q

where are metals located on the periodic table?

A

-left side

39
Q

what type of ions to metals form?

A

-cations (positive)

40
Q

what type of ions do nonmetals form?

A

-anions (negative)

41
Q

linear

A

-flat structure
-formed by two single elements in a straight line

42
Q

triginal planar

A

-formed by 3 elements
-flat

43
Q

triginal pyramidal

A

-formed by 3 elements with extra electrons on the middle

44
Q

tetrahedral

A

-formed by 4 bonds

45
Q

triginal bypyramidal

A

-formed by 5 elements

46
Q

octohedral

A

-formed by 6 elements

47
Q

bent

A

-formed by 3 elements with extra electrons on the middle that bend it

47
Q
A

chemistry (10 decks)

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