Test Bank CH5 Flashcards
1) Individuals and households that buy or acquire goods and services for personal consumption make up the ________.
A) consumer market
B) market offering
C) market mix
D) subculture
E) social class
A
2) Companies can research many aspects of buying decisions. However, the one that is the most difficult to identify is ________.
A) what consumers buy
B) how and how much they buy
C) why they buy
D) when they buy
E) where they buy
C
3) According to the model of buyer behavior, which of the following is one of the two primary parts of a “buyer’s black box”?
A) technological stimuli
B) buyer’s decision process
C) buyer’s spending habits
D) social stimuli
E) promotion stimuli
B
4) Marketing stimuli consist of the four Ps. Which of the following is NOT one of these?
A) product
B) packaging
C) price
D) promotion
E) place
B
5) In the model of buyer behavior, which of the following is NOT a major type of force or event in the buyer’s environment?
A) economic
B) technological
C) social
D) political
E) cultural
D
6) ________ is the most basic determinant of a person’s wants and behavior.
A) Culture
B) Brand personality
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Motive
E) Attitude
A
7) Each culture contains smaller ________, or groups of people with shared value systems based on common life experiences and situations.
A) cultural universals
B) reference groups
C) subcultures
D) monocultures
E) social networks
C
8) Subcultures include nationalities, religions, geographic regions, and ________.
A) genders
B) ages
C) professions
D) racial groups
E) income levels
D
9) Hispanic Americans tend to be deeply family oriented and make shopping a family affair. Older consumers are brand loyal, while younger Hispanics have shown increasing price sensitivity and willingness to choose store brands. Hispanic Americans make up a ________.
A) subculture
B) social class
C) social network
D) life-cycle stage
E) lifestyle
A
10) Many companies use ethnically specific themes in their mainstream marketing strategy because marketers have realized that insights gleaned from ethnic consumers can influence their broader markets. This type of marketing is known as ________.
A) total market strategy
B) buzz marketing
C) social networking
D) word-of-mouth marketing
E) life-style marketing
A
11) ________ are society’s relatively permanent and ordered divisions whose members share similar values, interests, and behaviors.
A) Social classes
B) Societal norms
C) Reference groups
D) Universal cultures
E) Social networks
A
12) Consumer purchases are influenced strongly by characteristics that marketers cannot control but must take into account, including cultural, social, psychological, and ________ characteristics.
A) economic
B) professional
C) medical
D) personal
E) genetic
D
13) Which of the following statements is true of cultural factors that influence consumer behavior?
A) Cultural influences on buying behavior are identical across countries.
B) Social classes show distinct product and brand preferences in areas such as clothing and travel.
C) Subcultures include nationalities and racial groups, but exclude religions.
D) Subcultures are groups within which each individual has a unique and distinct value system.
E) Hispanic Americans and African Americans are examples of racially segregated groups and not subcultures.
B
14) Which of the following statements is true of social classes?
A) Social classes are society’s temporary divisions.
B) Members of a social class have unique and distinct values, interests, and behaviors.
C) People within a social class tend to exhibit similar buying behavior.
D) Income is the single factor that determines social class.
E) Social classes universally exhibit identical product and brand preference
C
15) Family is one of the ________ factors that influence consumer behavior.
A) regional
B) social
C) personal
D) psychological
E) business
B
16) ________ are groups to which an individual wishes to belong, as when a young basketball player hopes to play someday in the NBA or WNBA.
A) Membership groups
B) Aspirational groups
C) Leading adopters
D) Subcultures
E) Reference groups
B
17) A shoe manufacturing company uses ads featuring the members of a country music band with the hope that the band’s fans will see them wearing the company’s shoes and hence purchase the same brand of shoes. The shoe company believes that the band portrays the image of a ________ to the band’s fans.
A) membership group
B) reference group
C) status symbol
D) subculture
E) lifestyle
B
18) Word-of-mouth influence comes to consumers from family, colleagues, and ________.
A) investors
B) athletes
C) neighbors
D) entertainment celebrities
E) friends
E
19) Rachel loves fashion and is always seen wearing the trendiest fashion outfits. She actively shares her knowledge with a wide group of friends and colleagues about where to shop for the latest fashion at great deals. Most of her friends and colleagues follow her fashion tips. Rachel portrays the image of a(n) ________.
A) surrogate consumer
B) lagging adopter
C) opinion leader
D) brand personality
E) social networker
C
20) ________ are people within a reference group who, because of special skills, knowledge, personality, or other characteristics, exert influence on others.
A) Opinion leaders
B) Innovators
C) Surrogate consumers
D) Stealth marketers
E) Lagging adopter
A
21) Opinion leaders are also referred to as ________.
A) leading adopters
B) lower uppers
C) innovators
D) lagging adopters
E) surrogate consumers
A
22) ________ are ambassadors who enthusiastically share their passion for a company’s products with large circles of friends and acquaintances.
A) Leading adopters
B) Brand evangelists
C) Surrogate consumers
D) Market mavens
E) Innovators
B
23) Companies that use brand ambassadors are most likely involved in ________ marketing.
A) ambush
B) spam
C) buzz
D) viral
E) database
C
24) Facebook, Snapchat and LinkedIn are all examples of ________.
A) brand alliances
B) opinion leaders
C) social networks
D) early adopters
E) market mavens
C
25) Which of the following is characteristic of online social networks?
A) use of one-way communication techniques
B) negligible adoption rates
C) guaranteed positive results
D) easy methods to measure results
E) interactive media content
E
26) What is the most important consumer buying organization in society?
A) family
B) social class
C) membership group
D) subculture
E) reference group
A
27) ________ traditionally has been considered the main purchasing agent for the family in the areas of food, household products, and clothing, although this is changing as more work outside the home.
A) A teenager
B) The husband
C) The wife
D) The couple together
E) The parent
C
28) A ________ consists of the activities an individual is expected to perform, according to the people around him/her.
A) motive
B) role
C) lifestyle
D) life cycle
E) perception
B
29) A buyer’s decisions are influenced by ________ such as the buyer’s age and life-cycle stage, occupation, economic situation, lifestyle, personality, and self-concept.
A) personal characteristics
B) stereotypes
C) perceptions
D) attitudes
E) psychographics
A
30) Life-stage changes usually result from ________.
A) birthdays
B) mentors
C) friends
D) life-changing events
E) siblings
D
31) Life-stage segmentation allows marketers to create targeted, actionable, and ________ campaigns based on how people consume and interact with brands.
A) inexpensive
B) professional
C) multimedia
D) social media
E) personalized
E
32) Since a person’s economic situation will affect her store and product choices, marketers watch trends in spending, personal income, interest rates, and ________.
A) employment
B) savings
C) home purchases
D) rents
E) fuel prices
B
33) ________ is a person’s pattern of living as expressed in his/her psychographics, and it includes the individual’s activities, interests, and opinions.
A) Personality
B) Culture
C) Lifestyle
D) Motive
E) Social class
C
34) In the context of the AIO dimensions for measuring consumers’ lifestyles, “A” stands for ________.
A) activities
B) achievements
C) admirations
D) attitudes
E) associations
A
35) A current trend in the United States involves rediscovering the benefits of home-cooked food and the use of organic ingredients. People are choosing to spend hours in the kitchen using only the freshest ingredients to cook healthy and nutritious meals. This change in ________ is one of the reasons for the increasing demand for organic ingredients.
A) self-concept
B) subculture
C) lifestyle
D) personality
E) life-cycle
C
36) ________ refers to the unique psychological characteristics that distinguish an individual or group.
A) Attitude
B) Belief
C) Perception
D) Personality
E) Self-awareness
D
37) Which of the following terms refers to a specific mix of human traits that may be attributed to a particular brand?
A) brand perception
B) brand identity
C) brand personality
D) brand concept
E) brand equity
C
38) Shoez Inc., a manufacturer of shoes, has recently launched a brand of sturdy shoes ideal for hiking and other outdoor activities. Which of the following brand personalities could be best associated with the new brand?
A) sincerity
B) excitement
C) sophistication
D) competence
E) ruggedness
E
39) Many marketers use the self-concept premise that people’s possessions contribute to and reflect their identities—that is, “we are what we consume.” According to this premise, consumers ________.
A) buy products to support their self-image
B) rarely identify with brand personalities
C) are affected by opinion leaders
D) compare product brands
E) conduct primary research
A
40) Harley-Davidson promotes its motorcycles with images of independence, freedom, and power. Harley-Davidson has created a ________.
A) motive
B) life-cycle stage
C) self-concept
D) brand personality
E) self-actualization need
D