TEST Flashcards
A cool, gentle wind that blows from the land to the sea is a ____________________
Land breeze
Heat transfer by electromagnetic waves is ______________________
radiation
What very dry and often dusty wind blows in Southern California _____________________
Santa Ana
Air flowing up a mountain’s slope due to differences in temperature and pressure is a(n) ________________ wind.
anabatic
What type of radiation causes tanning and sunburns? ______________
UVB
The outermost layer of the atmosphere is the ______________________
exosphere
What type of wind occurs when dense, cold air flows from higher to lower elevation due to gravity? ______________________
fall wind
Which layer of the atmosphere “bounces” certain types of radio waves back toward the ground? _______________________
ionosphere
Heat transfer by moving currents of hot air is _________________
convection
What is the most powerful and dangerous form of UV radiation? _____________
UVC
The most abundant gas in the homosphere is ________________
nitrogen
The coldest point in the atmosphere is the _________________
mesopause
(land or water) Insolation warms _____________ more quickly than it warms ____________.
Insolation warms land more quickly than it warms water.
_____________ holds heat longer than ___________ does.
Water holds heat longer than land does.
A warm, dry wind that travels down a slope is a _____________
foehn
Which layer of the atmosphere is characterized by high temperatures? __________________________
thermosphere
The process in which the temperature of a gas rises as the gas is compressed with no heat lost is ____________________ heating.
adiabatic
What marks the upper boundary of the thermosphere? ____________________
thermopause
Winds that reverse their direction from season to season are called __________________
monsoons
BE ABLE TO LABEL EACH CONVECTION CELL ON A DRAWING…. ______,_______,_____
polar cell
Ferrel cell
Hadley cell
The four main factors that affect insolation are______, _______, ________, ________
cloud cover, length of daylight, angle of the sun’s rays, Earth’s distance from the sun.
The layer of the atmosphere that acts as a “shield” to protect the earth’s surface is the __________________________
ozone layer
The scientific name for the northern and southern lights is _________________
auroras
Upper troposphere waves that play a large part in the formation of cyclones and anticyclones are called _______________________
Rossby waves
Least understood layer of the atmosphere___________________
mesosphere
The atmosphere’s “weather layer” _______________________
troposphere
Strong, steady winds but few changes of weather______________________
stratosphere
Portion of the earth’s magnetic field that is affected by the solar winds________________________
magnetospere
What is the blanket of gases that surrounds our planet? _____________________
ATMOSPHERE
please get this one right!!!
What term refers to the amount of energy available to heat the earth’s land, water, and air? __________________ __________________
energy budget
What beltlike regions surround the earth and trap particles from the solar wind?_______________ ___________________ ______________
Van Allen radiation belts
What term refers to the decimal equivalent of solar radiation that an object reflects?______________________
albedo
What is a circulating spiral of wind around a low-pressure system?__________________
cyclone
Name the process that traps heat in the earth’s atmosphere. ___________________________
greenhouse effect
Regions of high pressure and gentle winds at 30* north and south latitude____________________________
horse latitudes
Equatorial zone where sailing ships were often left without wind______________
ITCZ
Surface winds that blow from high-pressure regions toward the equator_______________________
trade winds
High-altitude wind in a narrow, meandering band_________________
jet stream
A circulating spiral of wind around a high-pressure system is called a(n)_____________________
anticyclone
Extremely powerful radiation that comes from deep space is ___________________
cosmic rays
The region in which a magnet affects other objects is the______________________
magnetic field
The lower layer of the atmosphere is the ___________________________
homosphere
The most important greenhouse gas is ___________________________
water vapor
Atmospheric pressure at sea level is __________ pounds per square inch.
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