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Earth and Space Science > Test 4 > Flashcards

Test 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a natural ridge formed along the edge of a river’s channel?_________________

A

levee

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2
Q

A pillarlike structure of rock formed when the middle of a sea arch collapses is a__________

A

sea stack

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3
Q

Deposits of clay and silt left by a sandstorm are__________

A

loess

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4
Q

The piles of debris left behind when a glacier melts are_________

A

moraines

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5
Q

What is produced when a sea cave is eroded continually?_____________

A

sea arch

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6
Q

A huge bowl-shaped depression dug out by a valley glacier is a___________

A

cirque

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7
Q

Which type of weathering involves the breaking or peeling away of rock into layers?__________

A

exfoliation

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8
Q

The feature formed by streams merging and flowing toward the sea as a large river is a_____________

A

river system

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9
Q

Large, deep grooves and scratches in rock, produced by glaciers, are__________

A

striae

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10
Q

A low hill formed when a glacier overruns a moraine is a___________

A

drumlin

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11
Q

When a glacier-carved valley fills with seawater, a ________________ forms

A

fjord

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12
Q

The most important effect of wind erosion is___________

A

deflation

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13
Q

What type of weathering occurs when rainwater soaks into cracks in a rock and freezes, splitting the rock?_____________

A

ice wedging

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14
Q

Which natural acid, found in rainwater and ground water, promotes chemical weathering of rocks?__________

A

carbonic acid

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15
Q

Ice sheets smaller than continental glaciers are__________

A

ice caps

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16
Q

Suspension, saltations, and creep, in which wind transports sediments, are_______________ processes

A

aeolian

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17
Q

Narrow, sandy islands that lie off the coast of the mainland are called___________

A

barrier islands

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18
Q

The sharp, steeple-shaped point of a mountain with three or more cirques is a____________

A

horn

19
Q

Regions of the earth’s surface where limestone is exposed and abundant are called_______________ regions.

A

karst

20
Q

A long pile of rocks deposited parallel to the shore to prevent erosion is a___________

A

breakwater

21
Q

A large, funnel-shaped depression in the ground caused by cavern collapse is a___________

A

sinkhole

22
Q

The eroding action of windblown sand is called___________

A

abrasion

23
Q

A spirelike mass of dripstone on the floor of a cave is called a____________

A

stalagmite

24
Q

The carrying away of rock fragments, such as by wind or running water, is called_____________

A

erosion

25
Q

Particles too heavy to be lifted by the wind are rolled in short bursts through a process called_____________

A

creep

26
Q

The type of rock most commonly associated with caverns is_____________

A

limestone

27
Q

The natural processes that break down rocks are collectively called____________

A

weathering

28
Q

The method of erosion prevention that modifies a smooth slope into a series of level, stairlike steps is______________

A

terracing

29
Q

The sediments carried by a stream___________

A

load

30
Q

Land that borders a river and is covered by river water in flood time____________

A

floodplain

31
Q

Lake formed when a sharp curve in a river is cut off from the rest of the river___________

A

oxbow lake

32
Q

Region of land drained by a stream or river system__________

A

drainage basin

33
Q

Fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a dry stream bed in the desert___________

A

alluvial fan

34
Q

The source of a river________________

A

headwater

35
Q

One of numerous streams that feed into a river at various points_____________

A

tributary

36
Q

A winding, looping curve in a river on flat ground_______________

A

meander

37
Q

Fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a river___________

A

delta

38
Q

A large stream that carries water from the mountains to the sea____________

A

river

39
Q

Name the deep cracks that develop on the surface of a glacier._____________

A

crevasses

40
Q

What is the main agent of chemical weathering?_____________

A

water

41
Q

What are limestone formations that have become filled with various passageways and large caves called?______________

A

caverns

42
Q

What is a vertical face of rock called that forms when the sea erodes land?______________

A

sea cliff

43
Q

What are the two major types of glaciers?_________________, _______________

A

continental glacier

valley glacier

44
Q

What are two general types of weathering?_____________ ____________

A

chemical weathering

physical weathering

Earth and Space Science (7 decks)

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