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APP Tests and Revision > TEST 6 - Mix 2020 > Flashcards

TEST 6 - Mix 2020 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the cardiovascular system do? (4)

A

Transport food molecules broken down in digestion (1) to all the 37 trillion cells (1) where they’re broken down to release energy in their bonds (1)

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2
Q

What kind of tissue is blood? (1)

A

Connective

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3
Q

What % of the blood that leaks out of the capillaries returns via the venules? (1)

A

85%

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4
Q

What % of the blood that leaks out of the capillaries returns via the lymph vessels? (1)

A

15%

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5
Q

What % of blood is liquid (plasma) ? (1)

A

55%

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6
Q

What % of blood plasma is water? (1)

A

92%

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7
Q

What % of the formed elements in blood is white blood cells? (1)

A

1%

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8
Q

What are the 3 components of formed elements in blood? (3)

A

Rbcs, wbcs, platelets

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9
Q

Where are the pluripotent stem cells located ? (1)

A

In bones

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10
Q

How long do red blood cells live? (1)

A

90-120days

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11
Q

1Why can’t red blood cells repair themselves ? (1)

A

No nucleus or organelles

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12
Q

Which digestive enzyme is made from haemoglobin? (1)

A

Bile

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13
Q

What is anaemia? (1)

A

Reduced oxygen carrying capacity of blood

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14
Q

What is haemophilia? (1)

A

Inherited deficiency of clotting causing spontaneous bleeding on minor trauma

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15
Q

What is jaundice and what causes it? (2)

A

Yellowing of skin and eyes due to bilirubin in blood

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16
Q

What are leucocytes?(1)

A

Wbc’s

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17
Q

What are wbc’s involved in? (1)

A

Body defences

18
Q

What do platelets (thrombocytes) do? (2)

A

Help plug holes in bv walls and make blood clot (haemostasis)

19
Q

Why do clots often form in veins? (1)

A

Blood flows slowly there

20
Q

What is the pericardium? (1)

A

Fibrous ‘balloon’ the heart sits in

21
Q

What does it mean to say that the circulation of the blood is a double circulation ? (2)

A

For each circulation of the blood round the body the blood goes through the heart twice

22
Q

What is the name of the blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs? (1)

A

Pulmonary arteries

23
Q

What is the name of the blood vessels that carry blood from the lungs back to the heart? (1)

A

Pulmonary veins

24
Q

What are the 2 main blood vessels bringing deoxygenated blood back to the heart? (2)

A

SVC, IVC

25
Q

What is the main blood vessel sending oxygenated blood around the body? (1

A

Aorta

26
Q

How many valves are there in the heart, and what are the 2 main types of valve? (3)

A

4(? ) , semi lunar, cuspid

27
Q

What is oedema? (1)

A

Swelling

28
Q

What is the myocardium? (1)

A

Muscle layer of the heart wall

29
Q

What is an ectopic pacemaker? (1)

A

Parts other than the SA node becoming excitable

30
Q

Give 2 other names for an abnormal heart rhythm (2)

A

Arrhythmia, dysrhythmia

31
Q

The first thing the heart does is supply itself – how? (1)

A

Via coronary arteries

32
Q

What is the number 1 risk factor for Coronary Artery Disease? (1)

A

Smoking

33
Q

What is angina pectoris? (1)

A

temporary lack of oxygen to the heart

34
Q

what is an aneurysm? (1)

A

bulge in artery wall

35
Q

What is a heart attack? (1)

A

Heart muscle cell death due to lack of oxygen

36
Q

What may cause a heart murmur? (1)

A

Leaking heart valves – blood rushing back

37
Q

What do muscular arteries become? (1)

A

arterioles

38
Q

Which part of the nervous system connects with the blood vessels? (1)

A

Sympathetic NS

39
Q

What stops blood in veins flowing backwards? (1)

A

Valves

40
Q

What is a DVT? (1)

A

Blood clot in the deep veins of the legs

APP Tests and Revision (6 decks)

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