Test 6/FINAL - Neuro III Flashcards
1
Q
The division of the autonomic nervous system in which the preganglionic axons are LONG?
A
Parasympathetic
2
Q
The division of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the thoracic regions of spine is known as?
A
Sympathetic
3
Q
A stoke caused by a foreing body traveling in vessel is referred to as?
A
Embolic
4
Q
Another name for the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is?
A
Thoracolumbar
5
Q
A foreign body traveling in vessel is referred to as?
A
Embolus
6
Q
The division of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the lumbar regions of spine is known as?
A
Sympathetic
7
Q
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause dilation of the pupils?
A
Sympathetic
8
Q
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause vasodilation of the blood vessels in the skeletal muscles?
A
Sympathetic
9
Q
A disease in which the gene for an enzyme in lysosomes is mutated and the enzyme cannot digest Ganglioside?
A
Tay Sachs
10
Q
The division of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the cranial regions is known as?
A
Parasympathetic
11
Q
The division of the autonomic nervous system for which the ganglia are close to the vertebral column?
A
Sympathetic
12
Q
A structure that contain synapses, dendrites, & soma of the postganglionic (postsynaptic) neurons is?
A
Ganglion
13
Q
Caused by the Chickenpox virus which may activate decades late this disease causes a mild to acutely severe rash with blistered eruptions in the skin?
A
Shingles
14
Q
A bruising or crushing injury without rupture of the pia mater
A
Contusions
15
Q
A condition caused by increased cranial pressure in which the brainstem if forced through the foramen magnum?
A
Herniation
16
Q
A condition caused by increased cranial pressure in which the cerebrum is forced into a lower chambers of the cranial vault?
A
Herniation
17
Q
Receptors for the parasympathetic nervous system are known as?
A
Cholinergic
18
Q
A posterior neural tube closure defect in which the dura mater (not the spinal cord) is forced out of its normal position often resulting in a very large, fluid-filled sac on the baby’s spine?
A
Meningocele
19
Q
A condition caused by enlarging ventricles which displace & destroy the normal brain tissue?
A
Hydrocephalus
20
Q
The division of the autonomic nervous system that regulates the “Fight or Flight” response is the?
A
Sympathetic
21
Q
Another name for stroke is “_____” “_____” “______”?
A
Cerebro vascular accident
22
Q
Which of the adrenergic receptors causes relaxing smooth muscles of arterioles?
A
Beta 2
23
Q
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause close in or near focusing (vision)?
A
Parasympathetic
24
Q
A viral diseased, transmitted by the bite of an infected animal vector and almost always fatal if enters CNS is?
A
Rabies
25
Which of the adrenergic receptors causes increase in the heart rate?
Beta 1
26
Which of the adrenergic receptors causes Vasodilation?
Beta 2
27
The division of the autonomic nervous system in which the preganglionic axons end close to or in the effector or target organ?
Parasympathetic
28
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause the sphincters of the gastrointestinal system to contract (close down)?
Sympathetic
29
Which of the parasympathetic nervous system receptors are found on the dendrites of all postganglionic neurons, both sympathetic & parasympathetic systems?
Nicotinic
30
Which of the adrenergic receptors causes relaxation of smooth muscle?
Beta 2
31
An autoimmune disease in which antibodies are made against myelin sheath is?
Multiple sclerosis
32
Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter for the PREGANGLIONIC neuron of the "sympathetic" nervous system, the "parasympathetic" nervous system, or both?
Both
33
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause contraction of the arrector pili muscles?
Sympathetic
34
Which of the adrenergic receptors causes Bronchodilation?
Beta 2
35
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause an increase in the production of tears?
Parasympathetic
36
Which of the parasympathetic nervous system receptors are found on the dendrites of all postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system?
Nicotinic
37
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause vasoconstriction of the capillaries in the skin?
Sympathetic
38
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause a decrease in heart rate?
Parasympathetic
39
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause distance or far focusing (vision)?
Sympathetic
40
Malignant hypertension or pre-eclampsia, causes aneurysms which may rupture causing hypersentive "__________"?
Hypertensive
41
Which of the adrenergic receptors causes vasoconstriciton in peripheral arterioles?
Alpha 1
42
A normal protein that changes shape and becomes pathogenic?
Prion
43
The division of the autonomic nervous system in which the preganglionic axons end close to Vertebral Column?
Sympathetic
44
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause orgasm?
Sympathetic
45
The division of the autonomic nervous system in which the
Sympathetic
46
This form of hematoma is caused when veins between dural sinuses (e.g. Superior Sagittal) & veins of brain are torn?
Sub-Dural
47
Which of the parasympathetic nervous system receptors are found at the neuromuscular junction?
Nicotinic
48
Severe headache, nuchal rigidity, projectile vomiting, confusion, fever, decreased responsiveness are all symptoms of?
Meningitis
49
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause the liver to breakdown glycogen and release glucose to be used for energy?
Sympathetic
50
necrotizing periventricular (of the brain) infections with severe brain destruction is characteristic of?
Cytomegalovirus
51
Another name for a blood clot is?
Thrombus
52
Which of the autonomic nervous systems generally cause glandular secretions?
Parasympathetic
53
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause an increase in the strenth of contraction of the heart muscle?
Sympathetic
54
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause the air ways to dilate and open?
Sympathetic
55
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause an increase in sweating?
Sympathetic
56
(blank)
Lou Gehrig D
57
A disease seen in people from Eastern Mediterranean, especially Jewish, diagnosed in a child of 1-2 years old who often dies at the age of 3-4 years old?
Tay Sachs
58
Which of the autnomic nervous systems cause an decrease in the motility of the intestines (GI tract), causing food to move along at a slower rate?
Sympathetic
59
A condition caused when the choroid plexuses continue to produce cerebrospinofluid, however, the arachnoid granulations do not remove it?
Hydrocephalus
60
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause the liver to store glucose in the form of glycogen rather than use it for energy?
Parasympathetic
61
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause an increase in heart rate?
Sympathetic
62
A posterior neural tube closure defect in which the dura mater, as well as the spinal cord, are forced out of their normal position resulting in a very large, fluid-filled sac on the baby's spine is known as?
Myelomeningocele
63
The loss of consciousnes due to head injury, usually with complete recovery?
Concussion
64
A spinal tap that is cloudy with increase proteins and reduced sugar may indicate?
Meningitis
65
A disease caused by a virus that enters the peripheral nerves and moves up the axon to reside in the ventral horn or the spinal cord is?
Poliomyelites
66
The division of the autonomic nervous system in which the postganglionic axon long and terminates in effector (target) organ?
Sympathetic
67
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause the air ways to constrict and close?
Parasympathetic
68
An inhibitory neurotransmitter, the loss of which causes involuntary contraction known as tremors?
Dopamine
69
The division of the autonomic nervous system in which the
Parasympathetic
70
A viral disease that causes increased loss motor control due to the destruction of the ventral horn of the spinal cord is?
Poliomyelites
71
This form of hematoma is caused torn veins when inertial damage causes torn veins?
Sub-Dural
72
Receptors for the sympathetic nervous system are known as "_____________" or catecholinergic Receptors
Adrenergic
73
A diseased caused by a virus transmitted by the bite of an infected animal vector is?
Rabies
74
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause the sphincters of the gastrointestinal system to relax (open)?
Parasympathetic
75
Caused by a protein transmitted by eating the brains or muscles of infected animals, "_____" "_____" results in rapid progressive dementia and loss of motor control followed by death?
Spongiform encephalopathy
76
Maternal dietary deficiencies in this protein may cause spina bifida?
Alfa Fetal
77
3rd leading cause of death in US is?
Stroke
78
A disease caused by too much of a glycolipid (Ganglioside = GM2) which destroys the myelin sheath and subsequently brain tissue?
Tay Sachs
79
Receptors for the sympathetic nervous system are known as Adrenergic or "____________" Receptors
Catecholinergic
80
This disease is caused by a virus travels up axon to hide, quitely in the soma of a spinal nerve
Shingles
81
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause vasodilation of the coronary arteries?
Sympathetic
82
Extremem CNS excitability in which slightest touch becomes painful, slightest sound or movement can cause massive muscular contractions and convulsions are all symptoms of which viral disease?
Rabies
83
Which of the parasympathetic nervous system receptors are found on the dendrites of all postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Nicotinic
84
Which of the adrenergic receptors causes a decrease in the release of Norepinephrine?
Alpha 2
85
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause the urinary bladder to constrict?
Parasympathetic
86
Malaise, headache, and fever with paresthesias around the wound is diagnostic for?
Rabies
87
A bruise or hemorrhage causing increase in Intracranial Pressue (ICP) which is acutely life-threatening
Hematomas
88
A posterior neural tube closure defect that may cause minimal damage and may be indicated by a tuft of hair growing on the lower lumbar/sacral skin over the spinal cord is known as?
Spina bifida occulta
89
Caused by Herpes Zoster Varicella is chickenpox and "___________"?
Shingles
90
A type of Stoke caused by a blood clot originating within brain?
Thrombolytic
91
Just outside of dura, 85% of this hematoma are caused by arteries?
Epidural
92
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause constriciton of the pupils?
Parasympathetic
93
Caused by an autosomal dominant mutation on chromosome 4, "_____________________" disease is marked by continued loss of motor function w/ severe demetia & loss of brain tissue?
Huntingtons
94
Hypertension of pregnancy is often referred to as?
Preeclampsia
95
Caused by a reduction of dopamine in the substantia nigra of the midbrain is "__________" disease?
Parkinsons
96
A spastic loss of motor control is known as a?
Chorea
97
An anterior neural tube closure defect in which the cerebrum (cerebral cortex is most of what we know as the "brain" (forebrain) fails to develop resulting in a very large defect in the skull and the absence most or all of the cerebral cortex?
Anencephaly
98
Malignant hypertension or pre-eclampsia, causes aneurysms which may rupture causing "___________"?
Encephalopathy
99
A demyelinating disease that may begins w/ visual problems (double vision, blindness, pupillary reactions) is?
Multiple sclerosis
100
A neurodegenerative disease marked by progressive loss of motor function, severe dementia & loss of brain tissue due to reduced dopamine in the substantia nigra is "____________" disease?
Parkinsons
101
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause vasodilation of the capillaries in the skin?
Parasympathetic
102
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause vasoconstriction of the blood vessels in the skeletal muscles?
Parasympathetic
103
A disease in which there is degeneration of motor neurons and atrophy of the muscles they supply is?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
104
The division of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the sacral regions of spine is known as?
Parasympathetic
105
Another name for Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease is?
Spongiform encephalopathy
106
"_______________" diseases is caused by the Beta Amyloid protein Plaque being deposited on and around neurons of cerebrum & hippocampus resulting in severe dementia & loss of brain tissue?
Alzheimers
107
Another name for the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is?
Craniosacral
108
Which of the parasympathetic nervous system receptors are found in glands and organs such as the heart?
Muscarinic
109
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause sexual arousal and erection?
Parasympathetic
110
Specifically, which part of the spinal cord is destroyed by the polio virus?
Ventral Horn
111
The most common neurologic disorder is?
Stroke
112
A type of hematoma seen deep within the brain often due to hypertension or penetrating missiles (bone fragments, bullets, etc)
Intracerebral
113
These hematomas are usually caused by ruptured aneurysms?
Subarachnoid
114
The division of the autonomic nervous system in which the preganglionic axons are SHORT?
Sympathetic
115
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause an increase in the motility of the intestines (GI tract), causing food to move along at a faster rate?
Parasympathetic
116
Which of the adrenergic receptors causes increase in the strength of cardiac muscle contraction?
Beta 1
117
A disease caused by inflammation/infection of the meninges
Meningitis
118
Another name for cerebrovascular accident is?
Stroke
119
Which of the adrenergic receptors causes relaxing smooth muscles of upper respiratory tract - allows you to breath easier?
Beta 2
120
Especially dangerous for fetus and immunosuppressed is the?
Cytomegalovirus
121
"Mini-stoke" due to intermittent vascualr occlusion or spasm in which all neurological problems are gone w/in 24 hours is known as a "___" "___" "___"?
Transient ischemic attack
122
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause vasoconstriction of the blood vessels in the viscera?
Sympathetic
123
The division of the autonomic nervous system for which the ganglia are close to or in the effector or target organ?
Parasympathetic
124
Which of the autonomic nervous systems cause a decrease in the strenth of contraction of the heart muscle?
Parasympathetic
