Test 6 (Chapter questions) Flashcards
civil liberties
protections for specific groups
civil rights
the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law
black codes (5 stipulations)
- expulsion
- no public assembly
- no land ownership
- vagrancy laws
- violence
“Jim Crow” era: 4 ways southerners limited voting opportunities for african americans
- all white primaries
- literacy tests
- poll taxes
- intimidation at the polls
“separate but equal”
(plessy v. ferguson)
rules racial segregation laws did not violate the US constitution as long as the facilities were equal in quality
-public accommodations
booker t. washington
-believed african americans should better themselves to achieve equality
-born into slavery
-proponent of gradual gain of equal rights for blacks
W.E.B. Du Bois
-went to harvard
-founded the NAACP
-advocated for equal rights for african americans
first/second great migration
two occurrences of mass amounts of african americans moving north or leaving the south
civil rights movements
1953-68
mass protest movement against segregation and discrimination seeking equality among races
affirmative action
favoring minority groups
reparations
government financial compensation
equal rights amendment
constitutional amendment passed by congress but never ratified that would have banned discrimination on the basis of gender
“me too” movement
2017
a movement against sexual harassment and sexual assault
americans with disabilities act
1990
prohibits discrimination against the disabled
disabilities education act
2017
-children can’t be excluded from schools due to handicap
-school committees must develop individualized education and health plans for handicapped
defense of marriage act
1996
defines marriage as man-woman
no state is forced to recognize same-sex marriage
employment discrimination law regarding LGBTQ
GOVERNMENT
by executive order
employment discrimination law regarding LGBTQ
NON-GOVERNMENT
exemption from non-profit, religious organizations
voter qualifications
-US citizen
-18 years old
-resident of state
voter suppresion
strategy used to discourage certain groups from voting
democrat party
voter fraud
illegally interfering with the election process
republican party
amendment 13
abolished slavery
amendment 14
grants equal rights and citizenship to anyone born in the US or has become a US citizen
amendment 15
you cannot prevent a person from voting because of race, color, or creed.
amendment 19
grants women the right to vote
amendment 26
have to be 18 years old to vote
voter turnout: midterms
typically around 40%
voter turnout: presidential elections
typically around 60%
4 challenges for accurate polling
- lack of candor (controversial candidates/issues)
- lack of interest/info
- representative sampling
- leading questions (to alter public opinion)
interest groups: 5 types
- economic (mutual financial concerns)
- societal (mutual characteristics)
- ideological (mutual beliefs)
- public good (mutual concerns)
- government (mutual political concerns)
interest groups: 6 means of influence
- financial donations
- public action
- information
- legislation/regulation
- executive appointments
- legal action
6 keys to effective political discussions
- don’t pressure your opponents to change their core beliefs
- assumes your opponents’ motives are sincere and virtuous
- represent your opponents ideas & attitudes accurately
- acknowledge the complexities of controversial issues
- remain kind, friendly, respectful, and patient
- inist on a culture of civility within your own community
