Test 6

Question 1

All muscles transduce chemical energy released by hydrolysis of ——– into mechanical work.

Answer 1

ATP

Question 2

Name the voluntary muscle of the body.

Answer 2

skeletal musle

Question 3

name the 2 involuntary muscles of the body

Answer 3

cardiac muscle, smooth muscle

Question 4

name the striated muscles of the body

Answer 4

skeletal and cardiac

Question 5

name the non striated muscle of the body

Answer 5

smooth muscle

Question 6

The human body contains ———– fundamentally different types of muscle adapted to specialized functions

Answer 6

3

Answer 7

epimysium

Question 8

Skeletal muscle is made up fascicles, each fascicle is surrounded by a connective tissue, called —————

Answer 8

perimysium

Question 9

In the fascicles, the third connective tissue layer is ————– separates and electrically isolates each muscle cells from each other.

Answer 9

endomysium

Question 10

muscle is made up of ——— which in turn is made up of muscle fibers which in turn in made up of ———— which in turn is made up of myofilaments which in turn are made up of ———- & ————

Answer 10

fascicles, muscle fibers, actin and myosin

Question 11

Skeletal muscle cells contract as a result of impulses from motor neurons. The place where a motor neuron stimulates a muscle cell is called a —————————–

Answer 11

neuromuscular junction

Question 12

————- is a single nerve cell extends from the brain or spinal cord to MUSCLE or gland

Answer 12

motor neuron

Question 13

Neuromuscular junctions are specialized
————- between motor neurons and skeletal muscle.

Answer 13

synapses

Question 14

“THE ———————- THEORY” EXPLAINS HOW A MUSCLE CELL CONTRACTS.
DURING CONTRACTION, THE SARCOMERE SHORTENS AND THIN AND THICK FILAMENT OVERLAP TO A GREATER DEGREE

Answer 14

sliding filament theory

Question 15

what are thick filaments?

Answer 15

myosin

Question 16

what are thin filaments?

Answer 16

actin

Question 17

name the proteins other than those directly involved in the process of active contraction?

Answer 17

titin
a actinin
dystrophin
nebulin

Question 18

heads of the myosin molecule are also known as —————

Answer 18

cross bridges

Question 19

name the 3 molecules that the actin is made up of?

Answer 19

Thin filaments are made of these three protein molecules:
1. actin
2. tropomyosin
3. troponin complex

Question 20

————— covers the binding site of the actin subunits and prevents myosin cross bridge binding

Answer 20

tropomyosin

Question 21

name the 3 components of troponin molecule?

Answer 21

troponin I
troponin C
troponin T

Question 22

what is a motor unit?

Answer 22

The motor unit consists of a single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers that activated by motor neuron.

Question 23

When strong contraction is needed, the nervous system may cause more than one motor unit to be stimulated.
The stimulation of additional motor units for increasing STRENGTH of contraction is called —————————-

Answer 23

recruitment

Question 24

The number of cells per motor unit is called ———————

Answer 24

motor unit size

Question 25

finer movements are created by ——— motor units

Answer 25

small

Question 26

gross movements are created by ———– motor units

Answer 26

large

Question 27

duchene muscular dystrophy results from abnormality of which gene?

Answer 27

dystrophin gene

Question 28

when the body becomes stiff and hard, this condition is called?

Answer 28

rigor mortis

Question 29

there is abnormal neuromuscular transmission in which disease?

Answer 29

myasthenia gravis

Question 30

how long does the rigor state persists?

Answer 30

1-2 days