test

Question 1

Mitosis

Answer 1

Produces two daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell. This is the type of division involved in growth and repair of the body

Question 2

Meiosis

Answer 2

Produces gametes (eggs and sperm) that have half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell

Question 3

What are the six stages of mitosis

Answer 3

Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

Question 4

How many chromosomes in a body cell

Answer 4

46

Question 5

What is the diploid number

Answer 5

The number of chromosomes in your body cells

Question 6

What is the haploid number

Answer 6

The number of chromosomes in a gamete

Question 7

Give five situations in which cell division in meiosis occurs

Answer 7

Growth
Asexual reproduction
Wound and tissue repair
Tissues regeneration 
Research, tissue culture and tissue engineering

Question 8

What are eukaryotic cells

Answer 8

Unicellular organisms with a nucleus

Question 9

Interphase

Answer 9

Chromosomes replicate to have two chromatids

Question 10

Prophase

Answer 10

Replicated chromosomes and their chromatids become visible

Question 11

Metaphase

Answer 11

Chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell and a network of fibres appears extending from the poles of the cell to each chromosome.

Question 12

Anaphase

Answer 12

The chromatids separate to become two independent chromosomes. The network of fibres contracts, pulling the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 13

Telophase

Answer 13

Two nuclei form, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

A new nuclear membrane encloses the chromosomes at each pole. The chromosomes uncoil and are no longer visible as individual strands.

Question 14

Cytokinesis

Answer 14

Division of the nucleus is complete. The cytoplasm then divides and the result is two identical daughter cells.

Question 15

What are the stages of meiosis

Answer 15

Metaphase 1, anaphase 1, telophase 1, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, telophase 2

Question 16

Metaphase 1

Answer 16

Replicated chromosomes form homologous pairs, attached to spindle fibres and lined up in the middle

Question 17

Anaphase 1

Answer 17

One replicated chromosome of each pair moves to each pole

Question 18

Telophase 1

Answer 18

Two cells are formed, each with one replicated chromosome

Question 19

Metaphase 2

Answer 19

Chromosomes line up on the equator attached to spindle fibres

Question 20

Anaphase 2

Answer 20

Chromatids separate and move to poles

Question 21

Telophase 2

Answer 21

Four cells result with one copy of each chromosome, they are haploid gametes

Question 22

RR

Answer 22

homozygous dominant

Question 23

rr

Answer 23

Homozygous recessive

Question 24

Rr

Answer 24

Heterozygous

Question 25

Genotype

Answer 25

RR, Rr and rr represent the genotypes which are the actual genetic information carried by an individual

Question 26

Phenotype

Answer 26

The red or white colour is the phenotype which are the observable characteristics or traits of the individual

Question 27

What are sex linked genes

Answer 27

Found on the sex chromosomes and determine the sex

Question 28

If colour blindness is a recessive allele, How would you represent a female who is heterozygous for for colour blindness and normal vision is dominant?

Answer 28

N n
X X

This female may not have colour blindness but she is a carrier.

Question 29

Since colour blindness is an X linked genetic disorder, how would you represent a male who is colour blind

Answer 29

n

X Y

Question 30

homozygous

Answer 30

When an individual has two of the same allele, whether dominant or recessive, they are homozygous.

Question 31

heterozygous

Answer 31

When an individual has two different alleles, one dominant and one recessive.

Question 32

plasmid

Answer 32

a genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the chromosomes