Natural Selection

Question 1

how many islands in the Galapagos

Answer 1

19

Question 2

where are the Galapagos islands located

Answer 2

Pacific Ocean

Question 3

features of natural selection

Answer 3

variation in a population
selection pressure
environment
adaptations

Question 4

natural selection

Answer 4

the process in which an environmental factor acts on a population and results in some organisms having more offspring that survive to reproduce than others

Question 5

over production

Answer 5

species tend to produce more offspring than can survive to maturity

Question 6

variation

Answer 6

there is a natural variation between individuals in a population

Question 7

selection

Answer 7

-survival of the fittest

some individuals are better suited to their environment than others and so survive better

Question 8

reproduction

Answer 8

individuals that survive better are able to reproduce more during their lifetimes, and pass on their characteristics to the next generation

Question 9

adaptation

Answer 9

over many generations, the characteristics of individuals that survive better and produce more, become more common in the population.

Question 10

evolution

Answer 10

any change to the heritable traits in the population across generations

Question 11

two reasons for changes in heritable traits

Answer 11

• mutations

- two individuals reproduce

Question 12

two examples of evolution

Answer 12

• peppered moth changing colour because of soot

- dogs originating from grey wolves

Question 13

who is Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell walace?

Answer 13

they are two scientists who studied and attempted to explain the process of evolution

Question 14

what is comparative anatomy

Answer 14

the study of differences and similarities between living things

Question 15

what are the two claims made for evolution

Answer 15

• all living things on earth are related as they evolved from a common ancestor
• evolution is powered by natural processes

Question 16

embryology

Answer 16

the study of how creatures develop before being born or hatching from an egg
-developing in the womb

Question 17

fossil record

Answer 17

used to see the similarities in the bones from organisms millions of years ago. they help the scientists to understand where the creature evolved from.

Question 18

dna comparison

Answer 18

dna molecules contain chemical codes which act like recipes for living things. dna researchers can compare the dna of different living creatures to find out who are the most closely related

Question 19

how many species are alive today

Answer 19

over 8.7 million

Question 20

independent lines of evidence

Answer 20

comparative anatomy
embryology and development
fossil record
dna comparison
species distribution
evolution observed 
predictive power of evolution 
nested hierarchies of traits

Question 21

what animals do cetaceans include

Answer 21

whales, dolphins and porpoises

Question 22

selection pressure

Answer 22

the effect of the selective agent on a population

Question 23

selective agent

Answer 23

an environmental factor that acts on a population during natural selection

Question 24

Isolation

Answer 24

Keeping interbreeding groups apart by some barrier or mechanism

Question 25

Modification

Answer 25

Define

Question 26

Sexual selection

Answer 26

Define