Test 5 - Chapters 15, 17, & 19

Question 1

Pharmacological agents found to affect the individual’s psychological functioning

Answer 1

psychoactive agents

Question 2

A technique used by cognitive-behavioural therapists to encourage clients to become aware of, and to question, their assumption, expectations, attributions, and automatic thoughts

Answer 2

cognitive restructuring

Question 3

In provincial mental health law, the involuntary hospitalization of people suffering from mental health

Answer 3

civil commitment

Question 4

the first group of psychologists involved in the legal system. They provide opinions to the court or tribunal due to their specialized knowledge

Answer 4

‘accidental visitors’

Question 5

An area of specialization in psychology that focuses on the application of research and practice to matters of law, including proceedings in criminal or civil courts or in front of quasi-judicial bodies such as administration boards and tribunals

Answer 5

forensic psychologist

Question 6

A standard of insanity defined by the case of Regina v. Naghten (1843) that became the accepted rule in England, the United States, and Canada. In today’s interpretation of the standard, 1) the accused must have been suffering from a mental disorder
2) he or she must not have known at least one of two things: the nature and quality of the act and that what he or she was doing was wrong. Also referred to as the “cognitive” test of insanity.

Answer 6

M’Naghten standard

Question 7

NCRMD

Answer 7

Not Criminally Responsible on account of Mental Disorder

Question 8

People who are able to participate actively & effectively in their own defence.

Answer 8

fit to stand trial

Question 9

The most common psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence is

A) behavioural inhibitions (BI)
B) Minimal brain dysfunction (MBD)
C) Attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD)
D) Hyperactive disorder (HD)

Answer 9

C) Attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD)

Question 10

Stimulant medications such as Ritalin are often used in the treatment of children with ADHD. These medications:

A) are the most effective with the more difficult causes
B) Improve hyperactive, impulsive, disruptive and socially inappropriate behaviours
C) are most effective only if combined with other forms of treatment
D) require more rigorous research to determine the extent of their benefits

Answer 10

B) Improve hyperactive, impulsive, disruptive and socially inappropriate behaviours

Question 11

Although medication may improve behaviour, ADHD children may need additional special help to improve

A) Academic Behaviour
B) Social Behaviour
C) Classroom behaviour
D) Attention

Answer 11

A) Academic Behaviour

Question 12

The most effective psychological interventions used to treat children with ADHD likely

A) focus on reducing the negative behaviours such as impulsivity and inattention
B) Should focus on training the parents, since psychological treatments with the children do not usually work
C) Help children to enhance their self motivation and working memory
D) include group therapy and intensive counseling

Answer 12

C) Help children to enhance their self motivation and working memory

Question 13

A widely used and studied medication to treat SAD is

A) SSRI medications
B) methylphenidate
C) Benzodiazepines
D) Tricyclic Depressants

Answer 13

A) SSRI medications

Question 14

Electroconvulsive therapy:

A) was first used in the 1930’s to treat severe depression only
B) Identifies cardiac failure as its most prominent side effect
C) has recently opted for shorter courses of treatment
D) has only recently chosen to apply higher and more intense currents during treatment

Answer 14

C) has recently opted for shorter courses of treatment

Question 15

The development of phenothiazines and related major tranquilizers:

A) offered the possibility of reducing psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations
B) Helped formerly institutionalized patients to return to the community
C) made possible the policy of deinstitutionalization
D) all of the above

Answer 15

A) offered the possibility of reducing psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations

Question 16

Stimulants are used to treat children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders

A) true
B) false

Answer 16

A) true

Question 17

Which of the following best summarizes the current status of psychoactive medication?

A) It has excellent curative properties
B) It effectively guards against relapse and chronic disorder, even without concomitant psychotherapy
C) It is effective for symptom control
D) It is generally highly inefficient

Answer 17

C) It is effective for symptom control

Question 18

Mental health acts:

A) are legislated by the federal government
B) Differ from province to province, and contain few if any similar elements
C) are known to vary from province to province
D) both a and b

Answer 18

C) are known to vary from province to province

Question 19

Under the provincial mental health acts, a _____________ is required to perform an examination of the patient

A) a physician or psychiatrist
B) a clinical psychologist
C) a judge, with the assistance of a psychiatrist
D) a psychiatrist is the only person allowed to perform the examination

Answer 19

A) a physician or psychiatrist

Question 20

difficulties in assessing/treating children:

Answer 20

Difficulties arise b/c different symptoms arise based on his/her age. Youth are influenced by their environment. Due to less autonomy symptoms influence presenting features of impairment. Info is gathered from parents, teachers, and most times symptoms don’t always agree.

Question 21

symptoms of ADHD:

Answer 21

grouped into 3 categories: hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity <- primary symptoms

motorically and often verbally hyperactive, have problems maintaining their focus in conversations and activities, and show impulsive or erratic behaviour

Question 22

causes of ADHD

Answer 22

There is a strong biological basis for ADHD in that many symptoms are related to delays or abnormalities in the development of the connections between emotional and motor areas of the brain.

Question 23

psychological treatment for ADHD:

Answer 23

Parents learn about the importance of routines, physical exercise, and supervised or planned activities to occupy the child. They also learn about what to expect in terms of tempers and other intrusive impulsive behaviours so that the parent can identify what is within the child’s control.

Question 24

CD and ODD symptoms

Answer 24

ODD (oppositional defiant disorder) - frequently argue with adults, have many temper tantrums, deliberately annoy others, are spiteful and vindictive, and do not take responsibilities for their own actions

CD (conduct disorder) - characterized by patterns of hostile behaviour

Question 25

DSM-IV-TR symptoms of aggression toward people and animals in CD:

Answer 25

1. Often bullies, threatens, or intimidates others
2. often initiates physical fights
3. has used a weapon that can cause serious physical harm to others
4. has been physically cruel to people
5. has been physically cruel to animals
6. has stolen while confronting a victim
7. has forced someone into sexual activity

Question 26

separation anxiety disorder symptoms:

Answer 26

They are fearful of new situations and of meeting new people, as these are unknowns that create a heightened sense of insecurity. they also have difficulty with transitions, fearful, timid, angry, and irritable or throw temper tantrums when forced to confront stressful situations or on the edge most of the time; however, calmed when the presence of caregiver

Question 27

use of ECT and psychoactive drugs:

Answer 27

ECT is used to treat severe depression when other methods haven’t worked.

Psychoactive drugs: affect the individuals psychological functioning.

Question 28

provincial mental health acts:

Answer 28

Each province enshrines the parens patriae powers of the state to care for people suffering from mental disorders who are unable to care for themselves. Civil mental health law gives the province powers to interfere in the lives of citizens, including the authority to detain people against their will.

Question 29

why do people seek psychotherapy?

Answer 29

Some need to respond to unexpected changes in life, while others seek opportunities for self understanding, and personal growth.

Question 30

characteristics of Canadians who receive psychological services:

Answer 30

Therapy is often for people to provide support, problem solving skills, and effective coping skills for issues such as depression, anxiety, low confidence, relationship problems, stress management, and body issues,

Question 31

requirements to be met for involuntary committed:

Answer 31

Creates a class of people who, at the discretion of a police officer, can be taken briefly into police custody and then placed into some sort of prevention detection. You are placed in institution for 72 hours for anyone 14 or older and they need to be placed there for their own safety.

Question 32

review board

Answer 32

Young persons responsible for insanity with fire arms. They must attend fire relief meetings.

Question 33

A type of disruptive behaviour disorder under the DSM-IV classification exhibited by children who behave disruptively, cannot control their activity levels or impulses, or have difficulty concentrating. These behaviours are usually more disturbing to others than to the children themselves.

Answer 33

externalizing problems

Question 34

Problems such as anxiety, depression, shyness, social withdrawal, and somatic complaints, that are problematic for the individual who experiences them but pose few problems for the social patterns surrounding that person

Answer 34

internalizing problems

Question 35

A childhood disorder characterized by disruptive behaviour, an inability to control activity levels or impulses, or difficulty concentrating

Answer 35

ADHD

Question 36

A disorder of children who, more frequently than is usual, refuse to follow instructions, argue apparently just for the sake of arguing, and show hostility toward parents and teachers.

Answer 36

opposition defiant disorder ODD

Question 37

A disorder of children who show a pattern of violating rights of others and major age - appropriate social norms or rules in a variety of settings

Answer 37

conduct disorder CD

Question 38

A form of psychotherapy that attempts to change maladaptive thoughts and behaviours

Answer 38

CBT cognitive-behavioural therapy

Question 39

The use of electricity to induce a seizure in mental patients by placing electrodes on the skull and administrating a convulsive rather than a lethal shock intensity

Answer 39

Electroconvulsize Therapy

Question 40

?

Answer 40

Anxiolytics

Question 41

Behaviour is controlled by unconscious forces of which the person is unaware

Answer 41

Psychodynamic psychotherapy

Question 42

A therapy developed by Carl Rogers as an alternative to psychoanalysis, based on his belief that psychological problems arose when personal growth was stunted by judgements imposed by others

Answer 42

Client-centered therapy

Question 43

a philosophical outlook that stresses the importance of free will, freedom of choice, and personal responsibility. This perspective emphasizes the unique experiences of each individual and the responsibility of each person for their choices and what they make of themselves.

Answer 43

Existential therapy

Question 44

A humanistic method of psychotherapy that takes a holistic approach to human experience by stressing individual responsibility and awareness of present psychological and physical needs.

Answer 44

Gestalt therapy

Question 45

In provincial mental health law, the involuntary hospitalization of people suffering from mental disorder.

Answer 45

Civil commitment

Question 46

In Canadian criminal law, incapable of participating in the trial process due to mental disorder at the time of trial

Answer 46

Unfit to stand trial “UST”

Question 47

difficulties in treating children:

Answer 47

?