Test 5 CH 9 Flashcards
Which body system works with the renal/urinary system to maintain fluid balance and remove waste products from the body?
a. Biliary system
b. Cardiovascular system
c. CNS
d. Gastrointestinal system
ANS : B
A patient with newly diagnosed hypertension is prescribed a thiazide diuretic. The patient asks how thiazide diuretic drugs reducehigh blood pressure. What is your best response?
a. “Thiazide diuretics reduce blood volume and relax vascular smooth muscle in the arterioles, reducing blood pressure.”
b. “Thiazide diuretics increase potassium excretion and slow heart contractions, reducing blood pressure.”
c. “Thiazide diuretics release sodium from cellular storage sites to reduce blood pressure.”
d. “Thiazide diuretics increase the reabsorption of sodium, potassium and chlorides, reducing blood pressure.”
ANS: A
You are teaching a patient about the side effects of diuretics. Which health problem is a potential side effect or adverse reaction of any class of diuretic drug?
a. Dehydration
b. Heart failure
c. Blurred vision
d. Urinary tract infection
ANS: A
A patient has been prescribed furosemide (Lasix) for the treatment of heart failure. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for more teaching?
a. “Since I work at night, I take my drug when I first wake up rather than in the morning.”
b. “If my hearing decreases, I will notify my healthcare provider.”
c. “I make sure to space my fluid intake evenly throughout the day.”
d. “When I travel long distances, I will plan to skip my diuretic that day.”
ANS: D
The LPN is caring for a patient who has recently been prescribed nitrate drug. The patient reports a throbbing headache. Which response is the most appropriate?
a. “Throbbing headache is a symptom of an allergic response to the drug.”
b. “Throbbing headache is a symptom of developing tolerance to the drug.”
c. “Throbbing headache is a temporary symptom that should disappear within a few weeks.”
d. “Throbbing headache is a symptom of interaction with your other drugs.”
ANS: C
Which of the following side effects is seen in patients taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors but rarely seen in patients taking angiotensin II receptor blockers?
a. Orthostatic hypotension
b. Cough
c. Dizziness
d. Hypotension
ANS: B
Why is it important to warn a patient prescribed to take finasteride (Proscar) for benign prostatic hyperplasia to wear a condom when having sex with a pregnant woman or one who could become pregnant?
a. The drug contains a hormone that can greatly increase the risk for early birth when absorbed by a pregnant woman.
b. The drug can be absorbed by the pregnant woman and cause birth defects in the fetus.
c. The drug reduces local immunity and increases the risk for transmitting HIV.
d. The drug increases the risk for vaginal infections in pregnant women.
ANS: B
The LPN is obtaining a patient history on a patient who is scheduled to begin treatment with a nitrate drug for the treatment of angina. Which information is most important for the LPN to obtain?
a. The patient’s future plans to become pregnant
b. The patient’s past use of recreational drugs
c. The patient’s sexual history
d. The patient’s description of anginal pain
ANS: D
A pregnant nurse is scheduled to care for a patient benign prostatic hypertrophy. Which of the following drugs listed here should not be handled by a pregnant nurse?
a. Finasteride (Proscar) B
b. Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
c. Tamsulosin (Flomax)
d. Tolterodine (Detrol)
ANS: A
You are teaching a 75-year-old male patient who has angina about nitroglycerine sublingual tablets. Which patient statement indicates an accurate understanding of the correct way to store nitroglycerin?
a. “I will need to keep my nitroglycerine in the refrigerator.”
b. “I can keep my nitroglycerin together with my other pills in my pillbox.”
c. “I should keep my nitroglycerine in the original container.”
d. “I should keep my nitroglycerin stored on the kitchen countertop.”
ANS: C
You are caring for a patient with angina in the home who develops chest pain. The patient has a recently filled prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin that has never been taken before. You give the patient the nitroglycerine sublingually to relieve the angina pain. What action should you take until an ambulance arrives?
a. Take the patient’s blood pressure every 5 minutes.
b. Assess the patient’s lung sounds.
c. Raise the patient’s legs above the level of the heart.
d. Place the patient in supine position.
ANS: A
The LPN/VN is teaching a patient who has had a myocardial infarction (MI) about using sublingual NTG tablets for the onset of chest pain. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates that he or she understands the teaching?
a. “I need to chew the NTG tablet thoroughly.”
b. “I will swallow the pill like all of my other heart pills.”
c. “I will place the NTG under my tongue when I have chest pain.”
d. “I can take my NTG with applesauce to disguise the metallic taste.”
ANS: C
The nurse is instructing the patient about a statin drug. Which statement indicates a need for further instruction?
a. “I can drink beer only while taking this drug since it has a lower alcohol content.”
b. “I will need to have my cholesterol checked in 4 to 12 weeks after starting this drug.”
c. “I will report severe muscle aches or changes in my urine.”
d. “I will avoid grapefruit juice while taking this drug.”
ANS: A
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a loop diuretic for the treatment of heart failure. Which statement indicates that the patient has an accurate understanding of nutritional requirements associated with loop diuretics?
a. “I should increase the amount of protein in my diet by eating peanut butter.”
b. “I should increase the amount of calcium in my diet by eating dairy products.”
c. “I should increase the amount of fiber in my diet by eating raw vegetables.”
d. “I should increase the amount of potassium in my diet by eating foods like bananas.”
ANS: D
A patient contacts the LPN at the healthcare provider’s office and tells the nurse that she forgot to take her daily dose of antihypertensive drug that was due 4 hours ago. How should the nurse advise the patient?
a. “Take the next dose of drug at the regularly scheduled time.”
b. “Double the next regularly scheduled dose of drug.”
c. “Take the drug with a full glass of orange juice.”
d. “Take a dose of drug now to avoid a missed dose.”
ANS: D