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TERM 3 > Chapter 55 (test 3) > Flashcards

Chapter 55 (test 3) Flashcards

1
Q

Which situation is an example of immunocompetence?
a. A child that is immune to measles because of an inoculation
b. A person who has seasonal allergies every fall
c. When the symptoms of a common cold disappear in 1 day
d. A neonate having a natural immunity from maternal antibodies

A

ANS: C

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2
Q

An anxious patient enters the emergency room with angioedema of the lips and tongue, dyspnea, urticaria, and wheezing after having eaten a peanut butter sandwich. Which action will be the nurse’s first intervention?
a. Apply cool compresses to urticaria.
b. Provide oxygen per nonrebreathing mask.
c. Cover patient with a warm blanket.
d. Prepare for venipuncture for the delivery of IV medication.

A

ANS: B

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3
Q

What is the etiology of autoimmune diseases based on?
a. Reaction to a “superantigen”
b. Immune system producing no antibodies at all
c. T cells destroying B cells
d. B and T cells producing autoantibodies

A

ANS: D

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4
Q

A patient is admitted with a secondary immunodeficiency from chemotherapy. The nurse expects the plan of care to focus on which aspect?
a. infection control.
b. supporting self-care.
c. nutritional education.
d. maintaining high fluid intake.

A

ANS: A

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5
Q

The nurse takes into consideration that when the antigen and antibody react, the complement system is activated. This results in which activity?
a. toughens the cell wall.
b. generates more T cells.
c. attracts phagocytes.
d. makes the antigen resistant.

A

ANS: C

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6
Q

How does normal aging change the immune system?
a. Depresses bone marrow.
b. T cells become hyperactive.
c. B cells show deficiencies in activity.
d. Increase in the size of the thymus.

A

ANS: C

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7
Q

Which advice will the nurse provide for a 94-year-old patient with deteriorated cell-mediated immunity?
a. Avoiding the influenza vaccine
b. Getting pneumonia vaccine
c. Having skin tests for all antigens
d. Taking large doses of B-carotene

A

ANS: B

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8
Q

A patient who works in a plant nursery and has experienced an allergic reaction to a bee sting is stabilized and prepared for discharge from the clinic. During discussion of prevention and management of further allergic reactions, the nurse identifies a need for additional teaching based on which comment?

A

ANS: D

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9
Q

Which substance is released by the T cells that stimulates the lymphocytes to attack an inflammation?
a. Lymphokine
b. Epinephrine
c. B cells
d. Histamine

A

ANS: A

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10
Q

Immediately after the nurse administers an intradermal injection of a suspected antigen during allergy testing, the patient complains of itching at the site, weakness, and dizziness. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate initially?
a. Elevate the arm above the shoulder.
b. Administer subcutaneous epinephrine.
c. Apply a warm compress to area.
d. Apply a local antiinflammatory cream to the site.

A

ANS: B

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11
Q

Which person is most at risk for having a reduced number of T-cells?
a. 26 year old receiving a second desensitization injection
b. 35 year old starting back on birth control tablets
c. The 52 year old started on a new series of Pyridium for cystitis
d. The 84 year old receiving penicillin for an annually recurring respiratory infection

A

ANS: D

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12
Q

The nurse recommends to the busy parent of three young children that the antihistamine fexofenadine would be more beneficial than diphenhydramine because fexofenadine has which quality?
a. is inexpensive.
b. contains a stimulant for an energy boost.
c. does not dry out the mucous membranes.
d. does not induce drowsiness.

A

ANS: D

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13
Q

The patient who had an asthma-like reaction to a desensitization shot was medicated with a subcutaneous injection of epinephrine. For which effect will the nurse assure the anxious patient this will have?
a. Cause vasodilation.
b. Produce bronchodilation.
c. Cause productive coughing.
d. Reduction of pulse rate.

A

ANS: B

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14
Q

Health care facilities have reduced the incidence of serious latex reactions by taking which action?
a. having local and injectable corticosteroids on hand for employees.
b. desensitizing staff who are allergic.
c. supplying extra hand washing stations in the halls.
d. using only powder-free gloves.

A

ANS: D

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15
Q

The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect when caring for a patient undergoing plasmapheresis?
a. Hypotension
b. Hypersensitivity
c. Urticaria
d. Flank pain

A

ANS: A

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16
Q

A patient is undergoing immunotherapy on a perennial basis. With this form of treatment, the patient receives treatment scheduled in which way?
a. Larger doses each week
b. Higher concentrations each week
c. Increased amounts and concentrations
d. The same amount and concentration each visit

A

ANS: C

17
Q

Which term is used to describe transplantation of tissue between members of the same species?
a. Allograft
b. Autograft
c. Isograft
d. Homograft

A

ANS: A

18
Q

In which patient will the nurse be most concerned about immunodeficiency disorder?
a. The patient taking desensitization injections (immunotherapy)
b. The patient on long-term radiation therapy for cancer
c. The overweight patient
d. The patient recently diagnosed with lupus erythematosus

A

ANS: B

19
Q

For which purpose is plasmapheresis used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?
a. To add corticosteroids to relieve pain.
b. To remove pathologic substances present in the plasma.
c. To remove waste products such as urea and albumin.
d. To add antinuclear antibodies.

A

ANS: B

20
Q

The nurse explains that when the patient received tetanus antitoxin with the antibodies in it, the patient received whic h type of immunity?
a. active natural
b. passive natural
c. active artificial
d. passive artificial

A

ANS: D

21
Q

Because the older adult has decreased production of saliva and gastric secretions, they are at risk for which problem?
a. mouth ulcers.
b. fissures in corners of the mouth.
c. gastrointestinal infections.
d. bloating.

A

ANS: C

22
Q

Which concern is a major negative effect of cell-mediated immunity?
a. Depression of bone marrow
b. Rejection of transplanted tissue
c. Activation of the T cells
d. Stimulation of the B cells

A

ANS: B

23
Q

What is B-cell proliferation dependent on?
a. Presence of NK (natural killer) cells
b. Complement system
c. Antigen stimulation
d. Lymphokines

A

ANS: C

24
Q

In which time frame must blood be transfused within once it has been removed from refrigeration?
a. 2 hours
b. 4 hours
c. 6 hours
d. 3 hours

A

ANS: B

25
Q

The nurse has arrived at the patient’s bedside with a unit of packed cells to be connected to an IV that is infusing. When the registered nurse arrives, which action do the nurses take first?
a. Check to ensure that the donor and recipient numbers match according to policy.
b. Request the patient to sign the card on the packed cells.
c. Immediately administer the packed cells.
d. Check the patient’s ID bracelet and then administer the packed cells.

A

ANS: A

26
Q

The nurse arrives at the bedside of a patient who has had a unit of packed cells infusing in his right arm for 35 minutes. He is complaining of chills, itching, and shortness of breath. What will be the nurse’s initial action?
a. Cover with a warm blanket.
b. Take the patient’s temperature.
c. Elevate the head of the bed.
d. Stop the transfusion and continue with saline.

A

ANS: D

27
Q

Which symptom would be classified as a mild transfusion reaction?
a. Orthopnea
b. Tachycardia
c. Hypotension
d. Wheezing

A

ANS: A

28
Q

Which action will the nurse take when a patient is receiving increasing strength of the dose in the injections for immunotherapy?
a. Observe the patient for at least 20 minutes after administration.
b. Take the vital signs every 10 minutes for an hour.
c. Have the patient lie down quietly for an hour.
d. Place a warm compress on the area to speed its absorption.

A

ANS: A

29
Q

The nurse outlines for a patient who has asthma attacks from pollen that the process from exposure to symptoms follows a systematic sequence. Which change is the last physiologic responses of an allergic asthma attack?
a. Release of histamine
b. Edema
c. Vasodilation
d. Activation of mast cells
e. Bronchospasm
f. Exposure to pollen

A

ANS: E

30
Q

Which step is the third step in the sequence of a plasmapheresis procedure?
a. Removal of whole blood in one arm
b. Circulation of blood through cell separator
c. Remainder of plasma returned through vein in opposite arm
d. Separation of plasma and its cellular components
e. Replacement of plasma with lactated Ringer
f. Removal of undesirable components

A

ANS: D

31
Q

MULT RESP

If a nurse is sensitive to latex gloves, which potential food sensitivities might the nurse have developed? (Select all that apply.)
a. Peanuts
b. Avocados
c. Milk
d. Bananas
e. Tomatoes
f. melons

A

ANS: B, D, E, F

32
Q

MULT RESP

Which line of defense provides the body with innate immunity? (Select all that apply.)
a. Skin and mucous membranes
b. Lungs
c. Heart
d. Tears and saliva
e. Natural intestinal and vaginal flora
f. Stomach acid

A

ANS: A, D, E, F

33
Q

Which disease results from one’s own immune system attacking the body? (Select all that apply.)
a. Lupus erythematosus
b. Scleroderma
c. Polio
d. Rheumatoid arthritis
e. Thrombocytopenic purpura
f. Osteoarthritis

A

ANS: A, B, D, E

34
Q

The nurse outlines the functions of the immune system as those actions which have which function? (Select all that apply.)
a. prevent hemorrhage.
b. protect the body’s internal environment.
c. maintain the hemoglobin level.
d. maintain the homeostasis by removing damaged cells.
e. prevent dangerous blood clots from forming.

A

ANS: B, D

35
Q

To provide an example of an active acquired immunity, the nurse uses the example of a person who has acquired immunity from measles because that person has had which occurrence in their lifetime? (Select all that apply.)
a. chickenpox and mumps.
b. measles.
c. an extremely healthy immune system.
d. an inoculation against measles.
e. maternal antibodies against measles.

A

ANS: B, D

36
Q

Which is humoral immunity based on? (Select all that apply.)
a. Production of antibodies by B cells
b. T cells are activated by an antigen
c. The body’s response to an antigen
d. Sensitized T cells destroy the antigen
e. Helper T cells activate phagocytosis

A

ANS: A, C, E

TERM 3 (7 decks)

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