Test 5 Flashcards
What is ethics?
The study of right and wrong in our conduct.
Concerns our obligations to individuals groups and society
What are morals
Usually refer to judgement about behavior, based on specific beliefs.
What is value
A deeply held personal belief about the worth a person holds for an idea, a custom, or an object.
What are bioethics
A branch of ethics within the field of healthcare
What is autonomy
freedom from external control; I healthcare the concept apply to respect for the autonomy of the patients
What does autonomy include?
It includes patients in decision regarding their healthcare.
Explaining nursing procedures, supporting patients who raise questions about procedures. Respect for professional autonomy refers to the relationships between members of the health care team and the institutions in which they work.
What is beneficence
taking positive actions to help others; the best interest of the patient remain more important than self-interest.
What is non maleficence
To do no harm
What is justice
Fairness and distribution of resources
What is just culture
refers to the promotion of open discussion without the fear of recrimination whenever mistakes, especially those involving adverse events occur or nearly occur..
What is fidelity
- Faithfulness or the agreement to keep promises
- Honored when we strive to provide excellent care to all patients, including those whose values differ from our own.
What is the professional nursing code of ethics?
A set of guiding principles that all members of a profession accept; it is a statement about the group’s expectations and standards of behavior.
Describe advocacy
the application of one’s skills and knowledge for the benefit of another person.
As nurses we advocate for the health, safety, and rights of our patients, including their right to privacy and their right to refuse treatment.
Explain nursing responsibility
a willingness to respect one’s professional obligations and to follow through.
Actions, the care you provide, and the task you delegate
Maintaining competency to provide care and seek guidance when you are uncertain of your skills and knowledge.
What is accountability
Answering for your own actions.
Professional actions are explainable to your patients and your employer.
Health care institutions exercise accountability by monitoring individual and institutional compliance with national standards established by agencies such as the TJC
Describe Values
A deeply held belief about the worth of an idea, attitude, custom, or object that affects choices and behaviors
Reflect cultural and social influences, they can change over time as individuals become art of different groups.
Ethical dilemmas almost always occur in the presence of conflicting values.
What is deontology:
Defines actions as right or wrong based on their adherence to rules and principles such as fidelity to promises, truthfulness, and justice; looks at the act itself and judges it “rightfulness” by the principles it upholds.
What is utilitarianism
The value of something is determined by its usefulness; the effect the act will have
consequentialism- main emphasis is on the outcome or consequences of action.
What is casuistry?
case-based reasoning, turns away from conventional principles of ethics as a way to determine best actions and focuses instead on the details of the situation.
What is feminist ethics?
looks to the nature of relationships to guide participants in making difficult decision, especially in relationships in which power is unequal or in which a point of view had become ignored or invisible
What is ethics of care
care based ethics focused on understanding relationships, personal narratives and the context in which the ethical problems arises. Emphasizes the role of the decision maker in the situation
What is ethical dilemma
When two opposing courses of action can both be justified by ethical principles
What is moral distress
Instead of competing options for action, the nurse feels the need to take a specific action while believing that action to be wrong
Processing an ethical dilemma
Step 1: Ask if this is an ethical problem.
Step 2: Gather all relevant information.
Step 3: Identify the ethical elements in the problem and examine your values.
Step 4: Name the problem.
Step 5: Consider possible courses of action.
Step 6: Create an action plan and carry it out.
Step 7: Evaluate the action plan.
Ethics committees
What are the scope and standards of nursing
Defines nursing and reflects the values of the nursing profession.
Standards of nursing care reflect the knowledge and skill ordinarily possessed and used by nurses.
Explain standard of proof
what a reasonably prudent nurse would do under similar circumstances in the geographic area in which the alleged breach occured
What is the PPACA
Consumer rights and protections
Affordable health care coverage
Increased access to care
Quality of care that meets the needs of patients
What is the Emergency Medical treatment and active labor act
When a patient presents to an emergency department, they must be treated
Mental Health parity and addiction equity act
Requires health insurance companies to provide coverage for mental health and substance use disorder SUD treatment
What is the patient self-determination act
Requires health care institutions to provide written information to patients concerning their rights to make decisions about their care, including the right to refuse treatment and to formulate and advance directive.
What is the purpose of the Nurse Practice Act
State laws intended to protect citizens, make nurses accountable and assure that care is consistent with best practice within the scope and standards of nursing.
Licensure
Enhanced nurse licensure compact
Explain Good samaritan laws
Limit liability and offer legal immunity if a nurse helps at the scene of an accident, performing procedures within your scope of practice; once you have committed to provide emergency care you must remain with the patient until you can safely transfer the care to someone who can provide needed care, such as an EMT.
What is the uniform determination of Death Act
Determines actual death. Cardio-irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions.
Whole brain irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brainstem.
Nurses have a specific legal obligation to treat the deceased person’s remains with dignity
What is torts
wrongful acts or omissions made against a person or property
Intentional: Assault, Battery, False imprisonment (restrain)
Quasi-intentional: acts in which a person may not intend to cause harm to another but does.
